Antibacterial Activity Of Euphorbia Hirta (L.): Euphorbiaceae And Isolation Of Its Bioactive Constituents

• Main Author: Perumal, Shanmugapriya
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: RS1-441 Pharmacy and materia medica
• Online Access: http://eprints.usm.my/32041/1/SHANMUGAPRIYA_PERUMAL.pdf; http://eprints.usm.my/32041/
• Institution: Universiti Sains Malaysia

Produk semulajadi, terutamanya tumbuhan ubatan, kekal sebagai sumber berharga sebagai pendekatan revolusi hijau dalam penemuan sebatian antibakteria novel. Tumbuhan Euphorbia hirta (L.) digunakan secara tradisional di negara-negara tropika untuk rawatan gastrousus, bronkial dan penyakit pernafasan yang disebabkan oleh agen jangkitan nosokomial. Dalam kajian ini, pelbagai ekstrak pelarut (metanol, etanol, etil asetat, diklorometana dan heksana) daripada tumbuhan E. hirta telah dikaji dalam penyaringan fitokimia untuk menentukan jumlah kandungan fenolik dan flavonoid. Aktiviti antibakteria yang berpotensi daripada ekstrak mentah dinilai melalui ujian in vitro antibakteria dengan menggunakan kaedah mikropencairan medium brot terhadap panel patogen klinikal yang rintang dan strain jenis kultur koleksi Amerika (ATCC). Ekstrak yang paling bioaktif, ekstrak metanol, kemudiannya menjalani penulenan dengan kaedah fraksinasi dan pemencilan berdasarkan bioaktiviti menggunakan kromatografi turus, yang akhirnya menghasilkan tiga sebatian tulen antibakteria. Natural products, especially medicinal plants, remain as a valuable source offering a revolutionary green approach to the discovery of novel antibacterial compounds. Euphorbia hirta (L.) plant is traditionally used in many tropical countries for the treatment of gastrointestinal, bronchial and respiratory ailments caused by nosocomial infectious agents. In this study, various solvent extracts (methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and hexane) of E. hirta were subjected to phytochemical screening to determine total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The potential antibacterial activities of the crude extracts were assessed via in vitro antibacterial test using broth microdilution method against a panel of clinically resistant pathogens and American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains. The most bioactive extract, the methanol extract was further purified in a bioactivity-guided fractionation and isolation method using column chromatography, which finally yielded three pure antibacterial compounds.