In vitro and preclinical evaluation of newcastle disease virus strain V4UPM as an oncolytic virus candidate for novel human malignant glioma theraphy

• Main Author: Mustafa, Mohd Zulkifli
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2014
• Subjects: RC254-282 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer)
• Online Access: http://eprints.usm.my/36433/1/Dr._Mohd_Zulkifli_Mustafa_TSTZ_%28NN24%29.pdf; http://eprints.usm.my/36433/
• Institution: Universiti Sains Malaysia

Virus pemusnah kanser merupakan virus aktif yang digunakan untuk menjangkiti sel kanser dan telah dikaji dengan meluas bagi tujuan rawatan kanser. Virus pemusnah kanser menjangkiti sel kanser secara spesifik kerana virus ini mampu mengeksploitasi mutasi yang merangsang pembiakan sel kanser tanpa menjejaskan sel yang normal. Kanser otak adalah malignan pembunuh didalam otak dan glioma merupakan kanser otak manusia yang bertumbuh dari sel glia dan ianya paling kerap dijumpai. Glioma tahap IV dikenali sebagai glioblastoma multiform (GBM) dimana pembiakan dan perebakan GBM ini dikaitkan dengan peningkatan ekspresi protin Rac1. Virus sampar ayam (NDV) adalah virus avian didalam keluarga paramyxovirus, dan merupakan salah satu virus pemusnah kanser yang mewarisi seleksi terpilih terhadap sel kanser. NDV dilaporkan menjadi pencetus kepada pembentukkan sel syncytia dan mengaruh bagi kematian sel didalam pelbagai jenis kanser, tetapi dilaporkan selamat untuk suntikan klinikal pada manusia. Oncolytic viruses are replicating viruses that have been used to infect neoplastic cells and are widely studied as a form of antitumor therapy. Oncolytic viruses specifically target tumorigenic cells because they are able to exploit the aberrations on the cellular level that promote tumor growth and the viruses preferentially infect cancer cells without interfering with normal cells. Brain cancer is a malignant growth within the skull and glioma is the most common human brain cancer arising from glial cells. Grade IV glioma is known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) where the proliferation and invasive behavior in GBM was associates with upregulation of Rac1 protein. Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian virus in the Paramyxovirus family, is one of the oncolytic viruses that inherit natural selectivity towards cancer. It is reported to robustly induce syncytium and apoptosis in multiple types of cancer cells but found to be safe for clinical injection into human.