Development And Analysis Of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Technique For Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Monitoring System

• Main Author: Abd. Salam., Nurul Akmal
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English; English
• Published: 2019
• Subjects: Q Science (General); QD Chemistry
• Online Access: http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24607/1/Development%20And%20Analysis%20Of%20Near-Infrared%20Spectroscopy%20Technique%20For%20Non-Invasive%20Blood%20Glucose%20Monitoring%20System.pdf; http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24607/2/Development%20And%20Analysis%20Of%20Near-Infrared%20Spectroscopy%20Technique%20For%20Non-Invasive%20Blood%20Glucose%20Monitoring%20System.pdf; http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24607/; https://plh.utem.edu.my/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=117083
• Institution: Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

Summary: Blood glucose monitoring is necessary for diabetes management therapy, where the common method used is an invasive glucose meter that involves finger prick for blood sample which can cause discomfort and skin injury. Painless monitoring of blood glucose would improve patient’s quality of life, therefore the development and analysis of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technique for non-invasive blood glucose monitoring system was proposed in this research. An appropriate conditional circuit for photodiode was constructed and 3D sensor casing was designed for output signal stability and noise elimination. The NIR light-emitting diode (LED) with wavelengths of 1050 nm, 1200 nm, 1300 nm, 1450 nm, and 1550 nm and Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) photodiode were employed in the in-vitro analysis and the Dextrose solution with different concentrations was used as samples. Based on the analysis on the result of the in-vitro experiment, the NIR LED with the wavelength of 1450 nm had the best coefficient of correlation (R2) and it is used in the development of non-invasive blood monitoring device system. The in-vivo experiment utilises humans as subjects. The different area of the human body has a different absorption capability based on tissue composition and thickness. By considering that, three sensing areas, which are the finger, the area between the thumb and index finger, and earlobe, were selected for measurement. By referring to the measurement of the conventional invasive glucose meter, the earlobe area showed the best consistency of voltage output compared to other areas and this area was used to place the sensor prop for blood glucose measurement. A prototype of non-invasive blood glucose with the algorithm to convert voltage reading to glucose reading was developed based on the acquisition of the experiments that have been carried out. This prototype device has an LED indicator to alert the user about the condition of glucose level and Android application to monitor the blood glucose reading. In addition, this system of non-invasive blood glucose had also been developed with the temperature and motion parameters control for stability during the measurement. The Clarkson Error Grid (CEG) analysis was used to determine the accuracy of the measurement and the highest value of R2 indicates a good correlation between the measurement of the proposed device system and conventional invasive glucose meter. Based on the tests performed, the algorithms constructed based on a single subject demonstrate a high reading accuracy The developed device system presented here has been proven to show a good correlation between NIR transmittance and blood glucose reading. However, as such an experimental device is not Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved, it should only be used for academic or informative purposes, and should not be used for any medical decision-making process.