Experimental Investigation Of Engine Performance And Emission Of Waste Biocompose Based Biodiesel

• Main Author: Lee, Shing Chuan
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English; English
• Published: 2020
• Subjects: T Technology (General); TP Chemical technology
• Online Access: http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25449/1/Experimental%20Investigation%20Of%20Engine%20Performance%20And%20Emission%20Of%20Waste%20Biocompose%20Based%20Biodiese.pdf; http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25449/2/Experimental%20Investigation%20Of%20Engine%20Performance%20And%20Emission%20Of%20Waste%20Biocompose%20Based%20Biodiesel.pdf; http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25449/; https://plh.utem.edu.my/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=119754
• Institution: Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

Decanter cake, spent bleaching clay and waste cooking oil which were oil palm derivatives had the potential to be mass produced into biodiesel. using the conventional biodiesel production method. Biodiesel of these feedstocks were evaluated in terms of physical properties characterisation, engine performance and engine emission at various blending ratio referenced to palm oil feedstock. The physical properties characterisations were conducted according to ASTM standard while engine performance and emission test were conducted using steady state test method. The production of biodiesel from both decanter cake and spent bleaching clay feedstocks using the conventional biodiesel production method was unsuccessful while the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil feedstock was successful with high yield. The successful production of biodiesel from palm oil and waste cooking oil feedstocks had the yield of 91% and 88% respectively. From physical properties characterisation, it was found that density, kinematic viscosity, flash point and total acid number increased with increasing biodiesel content. Biodiesel blend of waste cooking oil showing higher properties increase than biodiesel blend of palm oil feedstock. The lower heating value of biodiesel blend diesel fuel on the other hand decreased with increasing biodiesel content. Biodiesel blend from both palm oil and waste cooking oil showing similar decrease. In terms of engine performance, brake torque and brake power increased up to 3.2% with increasing biodiesel content up to 7% volume. Biodiesel blend of palm oil showed better engine performance than biodiesel blend from waste cooking oil feedstock. The fuel consumption of biodiesel blend increased up to 42% with increasing biodiesel content up to 10%. Mechanical efficiency on the other hand showed no significant change despite the differences in feedstocks and biodiesel content. In terms of engine emission, carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbon (HC) decreased with increasing biodiesel content up to 10% volume for biodiesel blend from palm oil and up to 7% volume for biodiesel blend from waste cooking oil with the trade-off of increased oxygen (O2) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions. Biodiesel blend from palm oil feedstock showed higher reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbon (HC) than biodiesel blend from waste cooking oil with the trade-off of higher oxygen (O2) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). In other words, biodiesel blend from both palm oil and waste cooking oil showed significant engine performance increase up to 7% biodiesel content for both palm oil and waste cooking oil. Biodiesel blend showed significant engine emission reduction up to 10% biodiesel content for palm oil and 7% biodiesel content for waste cooking oil. Further studies should be conducted using a modern diesel engine equipped with programmable engine management system instead of using conventional diesel engine in this study. Since traditional diesel engine operation was affected by biodiesel blend diesel fuel properties, this study proposed the use of programmable electronic control unit. The programmable electronic control unit can control diesel engine operation regardless of properties of diesel fuel used.