Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from agave gigantea by chemical-mechanical treatment

Nanocellulose is a renewable and biocompatible nanomaterial that evokes much interest because of its versatility in various applications. This study reports the production of nanocellulose from Agave gigantea (AG) fiber using the chemical-ultrafine grinding treatment. Chemical treatment (alkalizatio...

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Main Authors: Syafri, Edi, Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin, Sari, Nasmi Herlina, Mahardika, Melbi, Amanda, Putri, Ilyas, Rushdan Ahmad
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier B.V. 2022
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Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100947/1/RushdanAhmadIlyas2022_IsolationandCharacterizationofCelluloseNanofiber.pdf
http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100947/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.111
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Institution: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Language: English
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spelling my.utm.1009472023-05-18T04:57:45Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100947/ Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from agave gigantea by chemical-mechanical treatment Syafri, Edi Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin Sari, Nasmi Herlina Mahardika, Melbi Amanda, Putri Ilyas, Rushdan Ahmad TP Chemical technology Nanocellulose is a renewable and biocompatible nanomaterial that evokes much interest because of its versatility in various applications. This study reports the production of nanocellulose from Agave gigantea (AG) fiber using the chemical-ultrafine grinding treatment. Chemical treatment (alkalization and bleaching) removed non-cellulose components (hemicellulose and lignin), while ultrafine grinding reduced the size of cellulose microfibrils into nanocellulose. From the observation of Transmission Electron Microscopy, the average diameter of nanocellulose was 4.07 nm. The effect of chemical-ultrafine grinding on the morphology and properties of AG fiber was identified using chemical composition, Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared, and Thermogravimetric Analysis. The bleaching treatment increased the crystal index by 48.3% compared to raw AG fiber, along with an increase in the cellulose content of 20.4%. The ultrafine grinding process caused a decrease in the crystal content of the AG fiber. The crystal index affected the thermal stability of the AG fiber. The TGA results showed that AG fiber treated with bleaching showed the highest thermal stability compared to AG fiber without treatment. The FTIR analysis showed that the presence of C–H vibrations from the ether in the fiber. After chemical treatment, the peaks at 1605 and 1243 cm−1 disappeared, indicating the loss of lignin and hemicellulose functional groups in AG fiber. As a result, nanocellulose derived from AG fiber can be applied as reinforcement in environmentally friendly polymer biocomposites. Elsevier B.V. 2022 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100947/1/RushdanAhmadIlyas2022_IsolationandCharacterizationofCelluloseNanofiber.pdf Syafri, Edi and Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin and Sari, Nasmi Herlina and Mahardika, Melbi and Amanda, Putri and Ilyas, Rushdan Ahmad (2022) Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from agave gigantea by chemical-mechanical treatment. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 200 (-). pp. 25-33. ISSN 0141-8130 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.111
institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building UTM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utm.my/
language English
topic TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Syafri, Edi
Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin
Sari, Nasmi Herlina
Mahardika, Melbi
Amanda, Putri
Ilyas, Rushdan Ahmad
Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from agave gigantea by chemical-mechanical treatment
description Nanocellulose is a renewable and biocompatible nanomaterial that evokes much interest because of its versatility in various applications. This study reports the production of nanocellulose from Agave gigantea (AG) fiber using the chemical-ultrafine grinding treatment. Chemical treatment (alkalization and bleaching) removed non-cellulose components (hemicellulose and lignin), while ultrafine grinding reduced the size of cellulose microfibrils into nanocellulose. From the observation of Transmission Electron Microscopy, the average diameter of nanocellulose was 4.07 nm. The effect of chemical-ultrafine grinding on the morphology and properties of AG fiber was identified using chemical composition, Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared, and Thermogravimetric Analysis. The bleaching treatment increased the crystal index by 48.3% compared to raw AG fiber, along with an increase in the cellulose content of 20.4%. The ultrafine grinding process caused a decrease in the crystal content of the AG fiber. The crystal index affected the thermal stability of the AG fiber. The TGA results showed that AG fiber treated with bleaching showed the highest thermal stability compared to AG fiber without treatment. The FTIR analysis showed that the presence of C–H vibrations from the ether in the fiber. After chemical treatment, the peaks at 1605 and 1243 cm−1 disappeared, indicating the loss of lignin and hemicellulose functional groups in AG fiber. As a result, nanocellulose derived from AG fiber can be applied as reinforcement in environmentally friendly polymer biocomposites.
format Article
author Syafri, Edi
Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin
Sari, Nasmi Herlina
Mahardika, Melbi
Amanda, Putri
Ilyas, Rushdan Ahmad
author_facet Syafri, Edi
Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin
Sari, Nasmi Herlina
Mahardika, Melbi
Amanda, Putri
Ilyas, Rushdan Ahmad
author_sort Syafri, Edi
title Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from agave gigantea by chemical-mechanical treatment
title_short Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from agave gigantea by chemical-mechanical treatment
title_full Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from agave gigantea by chemical-mechanical treatment
title_fullStr Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from agave gigantea by chemical-mechanical treatment
title_full_unstemmed Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from agave gigantea by chemical-mechanical treatment
title_sort isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from agave gigantea by chemical-mechanical treatment
publisher Elsevier B.V.
publishDate 2022
url http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100947/1/RushdanAhmadIlyas2022_IsolationandCharacterizationofCelluloseNanofiber.pdf
http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100947/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.111
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