Biosensing human blood clotting factor by dual probes: Evaluation by deep long short-term memory networks in time series forecasting

• Main Authors: Gopinath, Subash C. B., Ismail, Zool Hilmi, Shapiai, Mohd. Ibrahim, Mohd. Sobran, Nur Maisarah
• Format: Article
• Published: John Wiley and Sons Inc 2022
• Subjects: T Technology (General)
• Online Access: http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101265/; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bab.2164
• Institution: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) has become a potential tool for use in a wide range of fields, and its use is expanding in interdisciplinary sciences. On the other hand, in a clinical scenario, human blood-clotting disease (Royal disease) detection has been considered an urgent issue that has to be solved. This study uses AIoT with deep long short-term memory networks for biosensing application and analyzes the potent clinical target, human blood clotting factor IX, by its aptamer/antibody as the probe on the microscaled fingers and gaps of the interdigitated electrode. The earlier results by the current–volt measurements have shown the changes in the surface modification. The limit of detection (LOD) was noticed as 1 pM with the antibody as the probe, whereas the aptamer behaved better with the LOD at 100 fM. The time-series predictions from the AIoT application supported the obtained results with the laboratory analyses using both probes. This application clearly supports the results obtained from the interdigitated electrode sensor as aptamer to be the better option for analyzing the blood clotting defects. The current study supports a great implementation of AIoT in sensing application and can be followed for other clinical biomarkers.