Parametric study on synthesis of carboxyl methyl cellulose from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch using fractional factorial design study

Carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) is a cellulose derivative that is being used in many industries such as food packaging. This study evaluates the parameter region i.e., NaOH concentration, sodium monochloroacetate (SMCA) ratio, etherification temperature, and time for higher degree of substitution (D...

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Main Authors: Raissa, Makam Mba Michele, Wan Omar, Wan Nor Nadyaini, Abd. Muhaimin, Muhammad Sufri, Shamjuddin, Amnani, Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC 2023
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Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/105995/1/NorAishahSaidina2023_ParametricStudyonSynthesisofCarboxylMethyl.pdf
http://eprints.utm.my/105995/
http://dx.doi.org/10.3303/CET23106063
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Institution: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Language: English
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spelling my.utm.1059952024-05-31T02:50:21Z http://eprints.utm.my/105995/ Parametric study on synthesis of carboxyl methyl cellulose from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch using fractional factorial design study Raissa, Makam Mba Michele Wan Omar, Wan Nor Nadyaini Abd. Muhaimin, Muhammad Sufri Shamjuddin, Amnani Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah TP Chemical technology Carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) is a cellulose derivative that is being used in many industries such as food packaging. This study evaluates the parameter region i.e., NaOH concentration, sodium monochloroacetate (SMCA) ratio, etherification temperature, and time for higher degree of substitution (DS) and viscosity of CMC synthesized from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch (EFB), named BiOzCMC. A fractional factorial design (FFD) by using Tibco Statistica software Ver. 13 are selected for the study. The cellulose from EFB, named OzyCELL was isolated by using novel ozonolysis technology (OzBiONY 2.0), followed by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) swelling, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) bleaching. The OzyCELL was then subjected to alkylation and etherification processes for BiOzCMC synthesis. Based on parametric analysis, the parameter region for DS >0.7, purity >90 % and viscosity >20 cP was found to be between 30 - 35 % of NaOH concentration, SMCA ratio 1:1.2 – 1:2.0, time 1.5 – 2.5 h, and temperature of 65 – 75 °C. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of BiOzCMC is comparable to commercial CMC and displayed excellent stability in dispersion based on zeta potential value (-59.67 mV) with a low crystallinity (35.9 %) and particle size of <0.25 mm. Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC 2023 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/105995/1/NorAishahSaidina2023_ParametricStudyonSynthesisofCarboxylMethyl.pdf Raissa, Makam Mba Michele and Wan Omar, Wan Nor Nadyaini and Abd. Muhaimin, Muhammad Sufri and Shamjuddin, Amnani and Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah (2023) Parametric study on synthesis of carboxyl methyl cellulose from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch using fractional factorial design study. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 106 (NA). pp. 373-378. ISSN 2283-9216 http://dx.doi.org/10.3303/CET23106063 DOI : 10.3303/CET23106063
institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building UTM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utm.my/
language English
topic TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Raissa, Makam Mba Michele
Wan Omar, Wan Nor Nadyaini
Abd. Muhaimin, Muhammad Sufri
Shamjuddin, Amnani
Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah
Parametric study on synthesis of carboxyl methyl cellulose from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch using fractional factorial design study
description Carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) is a cellulose derivative that is being used in many industries such as food packaging. This study evaluates the parameter region i.e., NaOH concentration, sodium monochloroacetate (SMCA) ratio, etherification temperature, and time for higher degree of substitution (DS) and viscosity of CMC synthesized from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch (EFB), named BiOzCMC. A fractional factorial design (FFD) by using Tibco Statistica software Ver. 13 are selected for the study. The cellulose from EFB, named OzyCELL was isolated by using novel ozonolysis technology (OzBiONY 2.0), followed by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) swelling, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) bleaching. The OzyCELL was then subjected to alkylation and etherification processes for BiOzCMC synthesis. Based on parametric analysis, the parameter region for DS >0.7, purity >90 % and viscosity >20 cP was found to be between 30 - 35 % of NaOH concentration, SMCA ratio 1:1.2 – 1:2.0, time 1.5 – 2.5 h, and temperature of 65 – 75 °C. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of BiOzCMC is comparable to commercial CMC and displayed excellent stability in dispersion based on zeta potential value (-59.67 mV) with a low crystallinity (35.9 %) and particle size of <0.25 mm.
format Article
author Raissa, Makam Mba Michele
Wan Omar, Wan Nor Nadyaini
Abd. Muhaimin, Muhammad Sufri
Shamjuddin, Amnani
Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah
author_facet Raissa, Makam Mba Michele
Wan Omar, Wan Nor Nadyaini
Abd. Muhaimin, Muhammad Sufri
Shamjuddin, Amnani
Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah
author_sort Raissa, Makam Mba Michele
title Parametric study on synthesis of carboxyl methyl cellulose from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch using fractional factorial design study
title_short Parametric study on synthesis of carboxyl methyl cellulose from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch using fractional factorial design study
title_full Parametric study on synthesis of carboxyl methyl cellulose from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch using fractional factorial design study
title_fullStr Parametric study on synthesis of carboxyl methyl cellulose from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch using fractional factorial design study
title_full_unstemmed Parametric study on synthesis of carboxyl methyl cellulose from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch using fractional factorial design study
title_sort parametric study on synthesis of carboxyl methyl cellulose from ozone pre-treated empty fruit bunch using fractional factorial design study
publisher Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC
publishDate 2023
url http://eprints.utm.my/105995/1/NorAishahSaidina2023_ParametricStudyonSynthesisofCarboxylMethyl.pdf
http://eprints.utm.my/105995/
http://dx.doi.org/10.3303/CET23106063
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