Optimization of aluminium recovery from water treatment sludge using Response Surface Methodology

For decades, water treatment plants in Malaysia have widely employed aluminium-based coagulant for the removal of colloidal particles in surface water. This generates huge amount of by-product, known as sludge that is either reused for land applications or disposed to landfills. As sludge contains h...

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Main Authors: Theam, Yiew Ooi, Ee, Ling Yong, Md. Din, Mohd. Fadhil, Rezania, Shahabaldin, Aminudin, Eeydzah, Chelliapan, Shreeshivadasan, Abdul Rahman, Azlan, Park, Junboum
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Published: Elsevier Ltd. 2018
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Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/85434/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.008
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spelling my.utm.854342020-06-30T08:39:18Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/85434/ Optimization of aluminium recovery from water treatment sludge using Response Surface Methodology Theam, Yiew Ooi Ee, Ling Yong Md. Din, Mohd. Fadhil Rezania, Shahabaldin Aminudin, Eeydzah Chelliapan, Shreeshivadasan Abdul Rahman, Azlan Park, Junboum TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) For decades, water treatment plants in Malaysia have widely employed aluminium-based coagulant for the removal of colloidal particles in surface water. This generates huge amount of by-product, known as sludge that is either reused for land applications or disposed to landfills. As sludge contains high concentration of aluminium, both can pose severe environmental issues. Therefore, this study explored the potential to recover aluminium from water treatment sludge using acid leaching process. The evaluation of aluminium recovery efficiency was conducted in two phases. The first phase used the one factor at a time (OFAT) approach to study the effects of acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio, temperature and heating time. Meanwhile, second phase emphasized on the optimization of aluminium recovery using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). OFAT results indicated that aluminium recovery increased with the rising temperature and heating time. Acid concentration and solid to liquid ratio, however, showed an initial increment followed by reduction of recovery with increasing concentration and ratio. Due to the solidification of sludge when acid concentration exceeded 4 M, this variable was fixed in the optimization study. RSM predicted that aluminium recovery can achieve 70.3% at optimal values of 4 M, 20.9%, 90 °C and 4.4 h of acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio, temperature and heating time, respectively. Experimental validation demonstrated a recovery of 68.8 ± 0.3%. The small discrepancy of 2.2 ± 0.4% between predicted and validated recovery suggests that RSM was a suitable tool in optimizing aluminium recovery conditions for water treatment sludge. Elsevier Ltd. 2018-12-15 Article PeerReviewed Theam, Yiew Ooi and Ee, Ling Yong and Md. Din, Mohd. Fadhil and Rezania, Shahabaldin and Aminudin, Eeydzah and Chelliapan, Shreeshivadasan and Abdul Rahman, Azlan and Park, Junboum (2018) Optimization of aluminium recovery from water treatment sludge using Response Surface Methodology. Journal of Environmental Management, 228 . pp. 13-19. ISSN 0301-4797 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.008 DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.008
institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building UTM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utm.my/
topic TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Theam, Yiew Ooi
Ee, Ling Yong
Md. Din, Mohd. Fadhil
Rezania, Shahabaldin
Aminudin, Eeydzah
Chelliapan, Shreeshivadasan
Abdul Rahman, Azlan
Park, Junboum
Optimization of aluminium recovery from water treatment sludge using Response Surface Methodology
description For decades, water treatment plants in Malaysia have widely employed aluminium-based coagulant for the removal of colloidal particles in surface water. This generates huge amount of by-product, known as sludge that is either reused for land applications or disposed to landfills. As sludge contains high concentration of aluminium, both can pose severe environmental issues. Therefore, this study explored the potential to recover aluminium from water treatment sludge using acid leaching process. The evaluation of aluminium recovery efficiency was conducted in two phases. The first phase used the one factor at a time (OFAT) approach to study the effects of acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio, temperature and heating time. Meanwhile, second phase emphasized on the optimization of aluminium recovery using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). OFAT results indicated that aluminium recovery increased with the rising temperature and heating time. Acid concentration and solid to liquid ratio, however, showed an initial increment followed by reduction of recovery with increasing concentration and ratio. Due to the solidification of sludge when acid concentration exceeded 4 M, this variable was fixed in the optimization study. RSM predicted that aluminium recovery can achieve 70.3% at optimal values of 4 M, 20.9%, 90 °C and 4.4 h of acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio, temperature and heating time, respectively. Experimental validation demonstrated a recovery of 68.8 ± 0.3%. The small discrepancy of 2.2 ± 0.4% between predicted and validated recovery suggests that RSM was a suitable tool in optimizing aluminium recovery conditions for water treatment sludge.
format Article
author Theam, Yiew Ooi
Ee, Ling Yong
Md. Din, Mohd. Fadhil
Rezania, Shahabaldin
Aminudin, Eeydzah
Chelliapan, Shreeshivadasan
Abdul Rahman, Azlan
Park, Junboum
author_facet Theam, Yiew Ooi
Ee, Ling Yong
Md. Din, Mohd. Fadhil
Rezania, Shahabaldin
Aminudin, Eeydzah
Chelliapan, Shreeshivadasan
Abdul Rahman, Azlan
Park, Junboum
author_sort Theam, Yiew Ooi
title Optimization of aluminium recovery from water treatment sludge using Response Surface Methodology
title_short Optimization of aluminium recovery from water treatment sludge using Response Surface Methodology
title_full Optimization of aluminium recovery from water treatment sludge using Response Surface Methodology
title_fullStr Optimization of aluminium recovery from water treatment sludge using Response Surface Methodology
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of aluminium recovery from water treatment sludge using Response Surface Methodology
title_sort optimization of aluminium recovery from water treatment sludge using response surface methodology
publisher Elsevier Ltd.
publishDate 2018
url http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/85434/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.008
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