Synthesis of novel nanostructured bredigite-amoxicillin scaffolds for bone defect treatment: cytocompatibility and antibacterial activity

• Main Authors: Rad, H. R. Bakhsheshi, Hamzah, E., Abbasizadeh, N., Najafinezhad, A., Kashefian, M.
• Format: Article
• Published: Springer New York LLC 2018
• Subjects: TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
• Online Access: http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/85582/; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4606-1
• Institution: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Bone infections in human beings are an essentially destructive problem with crucial clinical and economic effects; thus, incorporation of antibiotics such as amoxicillin (AMX) into the scaffold was developed as an effective treatment for bone infections. In this respect, we develop new nanostructured bredigite (Bre; Ca7MgSi4O16)–amoxicillin (AMX; α-amino-hydroxybenzyl-penicillin) scaffolds containing different concentrations of amoxicillin (0, 3, 5, and 10%) by using space holder method to assure bactericidal properties. The result depicted that the Bre–AMX scaffolds possess porosity of 80–82% with high compressive strength of 1.2–1.4 MPa and controlled antibiotic release for prevention of infection. Bre–(3–10%)AMX scaffolds were able to destroy Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria, as well as effectively inhibit the growth of bacterial cells; in addition, the antibacterial activity of the AMX-loaded scaffolds augmented with the increase of the AMX concentration. Sustained drug release was detected from Bre–AMX scaffolds accompanied by initial burst release of 20% for 8 h, followed by a sustained release, which is favorable for bone infection treatment. These new Bre–(3–5%)AMX scaffolds possess excellent mechanical properties and antibacterial activity with no cytotoxicity suggested as an appropriate alternative for bone infection treatment.