A fuzzy graph based chemometrics method for gelatin authentication

• Main Authors: Hassan, Nurfarhana, Ahmad, Tahir, M. Zain, Norhidayu, Awang, Siti Rahmah
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020
• Subjects: QA Mathematics
• Online Access: http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/91044/1/NurfarhanaHassan2020_AFuzzyGraphBasedChemometricsMethod.pdf; http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/91044/; http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8111969
• Institution: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Graph theory is a well-established concept that is widely used in numerous applications such as in biology, chemistry and network analysis. The advancement in the theory of graph has led to the development of a new concept called fuzzy autocatalytic set. In this paper, a fuzzy graph-based chemometrics method, namely, chemometrics fuzzy autocatalytic set (c-FACS) is developed and applied for gelatin authentication. The issue on authenticity of gelatin has become a sensitive issue among some religious communities. Due to the matter, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of bovine, porcine and fish gelatins are analyzed using c-FACS to identify their signatures and differences and presented in this paper. The results from the c-FACS analysis showed distinct features of each gelatin, particularly porcine. Furthermore, the new method is faster than principal component analysis (PCA) in identifying the gelatin sources.