Complexity-based analysis of the alterations in the structure of coronaviruses
The coronavirus has influenced the lives of many people since its identification in 1960. In general, there are seven types of coronavirus. Although some types of this virus, including 229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1, cause mild to moderate illness, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 have shown to have s...
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my.utm.942782022-03-31T15:27:59Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/94278/ Complexity-based analysis of the alterations in the structure of coronaviruses Namazi, Hamidreza Selamat, Ali Krejcar, Ondrej QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science T58.5-58.64 Information technology TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) The coronavirus has influenced the lives of many people since its identification in 1960. In general, there are seven types of coronavirus. Although some types of this virus, including 229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1, cause mild to moderate illness, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 have shown to have severer effects on the human body. Specifically, the recent known type of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has affected the lives of many people around the world since late 2019 with the disease named COVID-19. In this paper, for the first time, we investigated the variations among the complex structures of coronaviruses. We employed the fractal dimension, approximate entropy, and sample entropy as the measures of complexity. Based on the obtained results, SARS-CoV-2 has a significantly different complex structure than SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. To study the high mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2, we also analyzed the long-term memory of genome walks for different coronaviruses using the Hurst exponent. The results demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 shows the lowest memory in its genome walk, explaining the errors in copying the sequences along the genome that results in the virus mutation. World Scientific 2021-03 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/94278/1/AliSelamat2021_ComplexityBasedAnalysisoftheAlterations.pdf Namazi, Hamidreza and Selamat, Ali and Krejcar, Ondrej (2021) Complexity-based analysis of the alterations in the structure of coronaviruses. Fractals, 29 (2). pp. 1-11. ISSN 0218-348X http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0218348X21501231 DOI:10.1142/S0218348X21501231 |
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QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science T58.5-58.64 Information technology TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Namazi, Hamidreza Selamat, Ali Krejcar, Ondrej Complexity-based analysis of the alterations in the structure of coronaviruses |
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The coronavirus has influenced the lives of many people since its identification in 1960. In general, there are seven types of coronavirus. Although some types of this virus, including 229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1, cause mild to moderate illness, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 have shown to have severer effects on the human body. Specifically, the recent known type of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has affected the lives of many people around the world since late 2019 with the disease named COVID-19. In this paper, for the first time, we investigated the variations among the complex structures of coronaviruses. We employed the fractal dimension, approximate entropy, and sample entropy as the measures of complexity. Based on the obtained results, SARS-CoV-2 has a significantly different complex structure than SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. To study the high mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2, we also analyzed the long-term memory of genome walks for different coronaviruses using the Hurst exponent. The results demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 shows the lowest memory in its genome walk, explaining the errors in copying the sequences along the genome that results in the virus mutation. |
format |
Article |
author |
Namazi, Hamidreza Selamat, Ali Krejcar, Ondrej |
author_facet |
Namazi, Hamidreza Selamat, Ali Krejcar, Ondrej |
author_sort |
Namazi, Hamidreza |
title |
Complexity-based analysis of the alterations in the structure of coronaviruses |
title_short |
Complexity-based analysis of the alterations in the structure of coronaviruses |
title_full |
Complexity-based analysis of the alterations in the structure of coronaviruses |
title_fullStr |
Complexity-based analysis of the alterations in the structure of coronaviruses |
title_full_unstemmed |
Complexity-based analysis of the alterations in the structure of coronaviruses |
title_sort |
complexity-based analysis of the alterations in the structure of coronaviruses |
publisher |
World Scientific |
publishDate |
2021 |
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http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/94278/1/AliSelamat2021_ComplexityBasedAnalysisoftheAlterations.pdf http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/94278/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0218348X21501231 |
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