Pengukuran kemiskinan dan kemudahterancaman: Kajian kes di mukim Jeneri dan Sik, daerah Sik, Kedah

• Main Author: Norzita, Jamil
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English; English; English
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: HB Economic Theory; HM Sociology.
• Online Access: https://etd.uum.edu.my/10298/1/permission%20to%20deposit-not%20allow-93703.pdf; https://etd.uum.edu.my/10298/2/s93703_01.pdf; https://etd.uum.edu.my/10298/3/s93703_02.pdf; https://etd.uum.edu.my/10298/
• Institution: Universiti Utara Malaysia

The use of the Poverty Line Income (PGK) indicator in poverty reporting in Malaysia means that poverty is only observed in terms of income. The accuracy of this measurement is doubtful when the national poverty rate was recorded around 15 percent only in 2016. The issue of poor households will continue to be inherited if the reality of household in poverty is not identified. This study aims to estimate poverty using both unidimensional approach (PGK) and multidimensional approach (MPI); and further identify the main determinants of poverty. This study also analyzes the factors of poverty vulnerability, namely the issue of low-income households at risk of becoming poor. The research design of this case study uses primary data collected through a face-to-face interview with a total of 378 respondents in Mukim Sik and Mukim Jeneri, Sik District, Kedah. The application of multidimensional poverty measurement methods is found to observe broadly the aspects of deprivation such as imperfect housing, lack of food, no changing clothes, lack of education and severe health conditions. The poverty measurement analysis found that the MPI method showed a higher rate than the PGK threshold method. The most significant determinants of poverty are education level, health status, educational dropout of household members and psychological factors. The findings of the poverty risk analysis state that households that are not poor today have a probability of becoming poor in the future. Indicators of the number of dependents, area of land ownership, level of health, level of education and income of the head of the household indicate a significant negative relationship with poverty vulnerability. Meanwhile, types of gender of the head of the family, the acquisition of financial resources and the home condition present a significant positive relationship with the poverty vulnerability. The study concludes that the government not only needs to review poverty measurement methods in line with the cost of living, but also emphasizes an orderly and transparent social protection system. Emphasis on the educational aspect among the younger generation can prevent recurrent incidents of poverty.