Peranan Ulama Dalam Masyarakat Banjar di Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia

• Main Author: Makmur, Ahdi
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English; English
• Published: 2010
• Subjects: BP Islam. Bahaism. Theosophy, etc
• Online Access: http://etd.uum.edu.my/2623/1/Ahdi_Makmur.pdf; http://etd.uum.edu.my/2623/2/1.Ahdi_Makmur.pdf; http://etd.uum.edu.my/2623/
• Institution: Universiti Utara Malaysia

The New Order limited the steps of the ulama to play their roles in Indonesia. On the contrary, the era of reformation opens more opportunities for the ulama to participate in many spheres of Moslem life. The main objective of this study is to portray the roles of the ulama in Banjarese society. The goals of the research are, basically, to understand the typology, the roles of the Banjarese ulama, and the correlation of factors,i.e. demography, religiosity and socio-culture. Other purposes are to understand the social standing of the ulama among the Banjarese society, and finally to understand the responses of the ulama on the issues of social change, modernization and development in South Kalimantan. There are two kinds of method used in this study. The first is a qualitative method with a grounded approach. The second is a quantitative used to support the qualitative data. In this study, in-depth interview, participant observation, documentary and questionnaire were employed to collect the data. Hereby, 40 respondents of the ulama of pesantren (pondok pesantren) were selected using the purposive non-random sampling. Having made the collection and processing, the data gathered were then analyzed inductively by using the technique of reduction, display and verification. As for discussion, the approach of structure-functionalism was also applied particularly to analyze the roles of the ulama in terms of their social standing in society. The descriptive statistics was applied in the forms of frequencies, percentages, and means as well. The findings of the study show that though the ulama live in the modern era; nevertheless, they still play their traditional roles. Without considering the typology, the roles the ulama have played are to stabilize, harmonize and to unite the different fractions of the Banjarese society since their roles become the alternative, the guardian and the stabilizer for a great deal of lives. Also, it does not show a significant and positive correlation between the roles of the ulama and the factors of demography and socio-culture, but the religiosity. Seemingly, the social standing of the ulama in the Banjarese society is still high because they posses knowledge, moral virtue, devoutness, and the roles they have played in the community. In spite of that, the ulama respond positively to the surroundings relating to the issues of social change, modernization and development in South Kalimantan, Indonesia.