Prevalence of nonsocomial methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from cases of a tertiary hospital in Metro Manila and the occurrence of pantonvalentine leukocidin gene

• Main Authors: del Rosario, Camille Alexandra G., Miranda, Yasmin Elisia P., Taban, Othelle Marie Juvyn
• Format: text
• Language: English
• Published: Animo Repository 2010
• Subjects: Staphylococcus aureus infections; Staphylococcal infections; Methicillin resistance.; Biology
• Online Access: https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/etd_bachelors/11156
• Institution: De La Salle University

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as one of the most frequent causes of nosocomial infection in hospitals worldwide. Hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) poses a great threat to the community. It is resistant to all β- lactam antibiotics and many strains have been reported to also be resistant to other classes of antimicrobials. The present study determined the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of S. aureus from patients with nosocomial infections in a tertiary hospital in Metro Manila using the disc diffusion assay. It also determined the resistance of the isolates to methicillin using cefoxitin and oxacillin discs, and confirmed using PCR to detect the mecA gene. The mecA gene was detected in strains phenotypically identified to be methicillin resistant. Of the 143 nosocomial S. aureus, 66 or 46.2% were confirmed to be MRSA. These isolates were found to be negative for the luks-lukf Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes. Resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, azithromycin, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, vancomycin and linezolid were shown by 60.1%, 51.7%, 51.7%, 39.2%, 37.8%, 37.1%, 36.4%, 14.0%, 2.80%, 1.40% and 0.700% of the isolates, respectively. It is worthy to note that two of the isolates were found to be resistant to vancomycin, the drug choice for treatment of MRSA infections.