Adolescents' concept of paternal nurturance: Definition, instrumentation, and application

• Main Author: Rayco, Domingo R.
• Format: text
• Language: English
• Published: Animo Repository 2007
• Subjects: Fatherhood > Psychological aspects; Fathers; Fatherhood; Father and child; Parenting; Parenthood; Teenager; Counseling
• Online Access: https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/etd_doctoral/148; https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/context/etd_doctoral/article/1147/viewcontent/CDTG004155_P__2_.pdf
• Institution: De La Salle University

This study sought to indigenously define the Filipino construct of paternal nurturance or ugaling pagkamapagkalinga ng ama conceptually and operationally from the viewpoint of Metro Manila-based late adolescents aged 16 to 19 and to use the test to compare the adolescents ratings of the level of paternal nurturance of their fathers with those of their fathers self-ratings and the adolescents mothers ratings of the level of paternal nurturance of their husbands. There were 513 late adolescents who provided the conceptual definition and the initial 182 items. Eleven (11) conceptual themes were identified, namely: mapagtugon sa pangangailangan, mapag-alaga, mapaggabay, matulungin, mapagmahal, nadarama ang katauhan, magalang sa pagkatao, mabait at maunawain, mapagdisiplina, mapagtalastas, and responsable. There were 1,161 late adolescents who served as respondents to establish the instruments psychometric properties. The initial 182 items were factor analyzed, using 0.7 as item factor loading cut-off, resulting in a unidimensional scale composed of 25 items in Filipino, providing an operational definition of the construct. All conceptual definition themes were represented in the final items except mapagdisiplina and nadarama ang katauhan. The instrument was named Panukat ng Kabataan ng Ugaling Pagkamapagkalinga ng Ama (PKUPA). It has a normative sample of 169 late adolescents. PKUPA correlated with the Care Scale of the Parental Bonding Instrument (Parker, Tupling, & Brown, 1979) at 0.798, p < .01 (N = 60), obtained a coefficient alpha of 0.952 (N = 169), and had a test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.923, p < .01 (N = 58). The 25 PKUPA items were adapted for use by Filipino fathers (N = 169) and mothers (N = 169) in order to compare results with their adolescent children (N = 169). Repeated measures within-subjects ANOVA with one independent variable revealed significant differences [F (2, 336) = 40.34, p < .01] in total mean ratings between late adolescents and both their parents, but not between their fathers and mothers. Recommended are: the development of programs to enhance paternal nurturance skills using the study as primary basis, further development of the PKUPA norms outside Metro Manila, the development of a Filipino paternal nurturance scale with Filipino fathers as participants, and a study comparing the factor structures of adolescents, fathers, and mothers.