Cytotoxicity of antidesma bunius (Bignay) leaf and fruit extracts on liver cancer and normal cell lines and their antioxidant activities

• Main Authors: Madrid, Romana Gabrielle F., Martin, Erene Chloie M.
• Format: text
• Language: English
• Published: Animo Repository 2024
• Subjects: Antidesma; Liver—Cancer; Biology
• Online Access: https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/etdb_bio/91; https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/context/etdb_bio/article/1095/viewcontent/2024_Madrid_Martin_Cytotoxicity_of_antidesma_bunius__Bignay__leaf_and_fruit_extracts.pdf
• Institution: De La Salle University

Antidesma bunius, locally known as Bignay, has garnered attention for its potential cytotoxic properties, particularly in cancer treatment, including breast and colorectal cancers. This is due to its various phytochemicals, which include polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. Bignay leaves are relatively understudied as the scientific community at large focuses on the fruit. The study determined the cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extracts of the fresh fruits and leaves on a normal human liver cell line (THLE-3) and a human liver cancer cell line (HepG2) using the resazurin Presto Blue™ assay. It also determined the antioxidant activities of the extracts using the DPPH assay to determine the % radical scavenging activity (%RSA). The results of the study showed that the fresh leaf extract displayed cytotoxic activity on HEPG2 and THLE-3 cell lines with IC50 values of 46 µg/mL and 75 µg/mL, respectively, and antioxidant activities of 66% RSA at 200 ug/mL and 57% RSA at 100 ug/mL. On the other hand, the berry extract was found to have lower cytotoxic activities compared to the leaf extract for both HepG2 and THLE-3 cell lines, with IC50 values of 140 µg/mL and 131 µg/mL, respectively. The berry extract likewise had lower antioxidant activities of 54% RSA at 200 µg/mL and 46% RSA at 100 µg/mL.