Effects of triterpenes from Ardisia Cf. Elliptica (Subgenus Tinus) and sterols from Ardisia Pyramidalis Cav Pers on Artemia Salina and Danio Rerio toxicity and caudal fin regeneration

• Main Authors: Raga, Dennis D., Herrera, Annabelle A., Alimboyoguen, Agnes B., Shen, Chien Chang, Ragasa, Consolacion Y.
• Format: text
• Published: Animo Repository 2014
• Subjects: Primulaceae—Toxicity testing; Artemia; Zebra danio; Fins (Anatomy)—Regeneration; Chemistry
• Online Access: https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/faculty_research/1841
• Institution: De La Salle University

The dichloromethane extract of the air-dried leaves of Ardisia cf. elliptica (subgenus Tinus) afforded mixtures of α-amyrin (1a), β-amyrin (1b) and bauerenol (1c), while Ardisia pyramidalis leaves yielded spinasterol (2) and spinasteryl acetate (3). The mixtures of triterpenes (1a-1c) at ratios of 1:1:1, 2:2:1 and 2:2:3 and the sterols (2 and 3) were tested for their toxicity on Artemia salina and Danio rerio embryos. Compounds 1a-1c (1:1:1) (LC50 = 0.60 mg/ml), 1a-1c (2:2:1) (LC50 = 0.60 mg/ml), 1a-1c (2:2:3) (LC50 = 0.54 mg/ml), 2 (LC50 = 0.50 mg/ml) and 3 (LC50 = 0.52 mg/ml) were found toxic to A. salina nauplii after 48h of exposure. Teratologic manisfestations such as axial deformation, pericardial edema and yolk sac edema were observed in embryos treated with 1a-1c, 2 and 3. The mixtures of 1a-1c (1:1:1) and 1a-1c (2:2:1) were further tested for D. rerio caudal fin regeneration. A shorter caudal fin regeneration length was observed in D. rerio young adults exposed to 1a-1c (1:1:1) and 1a-1c (2:2:1). The results of the current study present implications on the toxicity and teratologic manifestations in relation to previously observed angiosuppressive activity of 1a-1c, 2 and 3.