Application of the WRF/Chem v.3.6.1 on the reanalysis of criteria pollutants over Metro Manila

• Main Authors: Garcia, Jacob Alberto S., Vallar, Edgar, Galvez, Maria Cecilia D., Bagtasa, Gerry
• Format: text
• Published: Animo Repository 2019
• Subjects: Boundary layer (Meteorology); Pollution > Philippines > Metro Manila; Atmospheric thermodynamics > Philippines > Metro Manila; Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment
• Online Access: https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/faculty_research/4136
• Institution: De La Salle University

Metro Manila, Philippines and other urban areas have reached internationally known unacceptable levels of pollution where about 80% can be attributed to vehicular emissions. The Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry v.3.6.1 was used in the reanalysis of pollutant concentrations for the year 2013. Initial results from the planetary boundary layer study suggested that the Yonsei University scheme provides a good estimate of the atmosphere’s condition; hence, this setting was used for the succeeding simulations. The land coverage over Sangley point was not properly resolved by the model. This caused a cold bias for the station. Further evaluation of the model’s sea level pressure output for all sites returned high correlations showing that modeled values are in phase with the observed time series; however, wind speed values did not correlate well with the observed values and were all overestimated. The low correlations found were a result of the incapability of the model to detect the urban canopy layer over Metro Manila. Pollutant concentrations were overestimated. The pollutant time series suggests that the model overestimates concentration values for PM10, PM2.5, and SO2, while underestimating NO2 and O3 values. However, it does capture a significant 24-hourly cycle as seen in the time series’ spectra in the frequency domain. Furthermore, through a student’s t-test, the model also captures a significant difference in daytime and nighttime concentrations.