Mechanical Investigation of Kenaf/Carbon Hybrid Composites for Building and Construction Applications

Single-kenaf fiber-reinforced polymer composites are typically characterized by relatively low strength and stiffness properties that make them unsuitable for structural applications. However, they are lightweight, economical, and ecofriendly. This paper presents a study on the manufacturing and mec...

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Main Authors: Malik, K., Ahmad, F., Yunus, N.A., Gunister, E., Shahed, C.A.
Format: Article
Published: 2024
Online Access:http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/38088/
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85176506645&doi=10.1061%2fJCCOF2.CCENG-4258&partnerID=40&md5=1944b60446d32f49bab54f42e793fcb9
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spelling oai:scholars.utp.edu.my:380882023-12-11T03:17:23Z http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/38088/ Mechanical Investigation of Kenaf/Carbon Hybrid Composites for Building and Construction Applications Malik, K. Ahmad, F. Yunus, N.A. Gunister, E. Shahed, C.A. Single-kenaf fiber-reinforced polymer composites are typically characterized by relatively low strength and stiffness properties that make them unsuitable for structural applications. However, they are lightweight, economical, and ecofriendly. This paper presents a study on the manufacturing and mechanical characterization of bidirectional kenaf (K) fiber-reinforced epoxy composites hybridized with carbon (C) fibers in various stacking sequences and the effects of hybridization on salient physical and mechanical properties. Single and hybrid fiber composites were fabricated utilizing the vacuum infusion molding technique. The density, tensile, flexural, and interlaminar shear properties in hybrid composites increased significantly when carbon fiber volume increased from 9 to 16. Stacking sequences in a hybrid affected the mechanical properties of the composites. The highest tensile strength and modulus were shown by the seven-layer hybrid composite with an alternate K/C stacking sequence and C layers as skin layers, i.e., C/K/C/K/C/K/C, among all tested hybrid composites. Sandwich design in the hybrid (C2/K3/C2) had higher flexural strength (+300), flexural modulus (+414), interlaminar shear strength (+278), lower water absorption (�46), and thickness swelling (�30) compared to single-fiber kenaf/epoxy composites. Density increased by 5 in hybrid composites. The highest fracture toughness (+134) was achieved using the dual sandwich design structure hybrid (C/K2/C2/K2/C). The developed composite has applications in stairways, walkways, and bridges. © 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). All rights reserved. 2024 Article NonPeerReviewed Malik, K. and Ahmad, F. and Yunus, N.A. and Gunister, E. and Shahed, C.A. (2024) Mechanical Investigation of Kenaf/Carbon Hybrid Composites for Building and Construction Applications. Journal of Composites for Construction, 28 (1). https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85176506645&doi=10.1061%2fJCCOF2.CCENG-4258&partnerID=40&md5=1944b60446d32f49bab54f42e793fcb9 10.1061/JCCOF2.CCENG-4258 10.1061/JCCOF2.CCENG-4258 10.1061/JCCOF2.CCENG-4258
institution Universiti Teknologi Petronas
building UTP Resource Centre
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Petronas
content_source UTP Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utp.edu.my/
description Single-kenaf fiber-reinforced polymer composites are typically characterized by relatively low strength and stiffness properties that make them unsuitable for structural applications. However, they are lightweight, economical, and ecofriendly. This paper presents a study on the manufacturing and mechanical characterization of bidirectional kenaf (K) fiber-reinforced epoxy composites hybridized with carbon (C) fibers in various stacking sequences and the effects of hybridization on salient physical and mechanical properties. Single and hybrid fiber composites were fabricated utilizing the vacuum infusion molding technique. The density, tensile, flexural, and interlaminar shear properties in hybrid composites increased significantly when carbon fiber volume increased from 9 to 16. Stacking sequences in a hybrid affected the mechanical properties of the composites. The highest tensile strength and modulus were shown by the seven-layer hybrid composite with an alternate K/C stacking sequence and C layers as skin layers, i.e., C/K/C/K/C/K/C, among all tested hybrid composites. Sandwich design in the hybrid (C2/K3/C2) had higher flexural strength (+300), flexural modulus (+414), interlaminar shear strength (+278), lower water absorption (�46), and thickness swelling (�30) compared to single-fiber kenaf/epoxy composites. Density increased by 5 in hybrid composites. The highest fracture toughness (+134) was achieved using the dual sandwich design structure hybrid (C/K2/C2/K2/C). The developed composite has applications in stairways, walkways, and bridges. © 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). All rights reserved.
format Article
author Malik, K.
Ahmad, F.
Yunus, N.A.
Gunister, E.
Shahed, C.A.
spellingShingle Malik, K.
Ahmad, F.
Yunus, N.A.
Gunister, E.
Shahed, C.A.
Mechanical Investigation of Kenaf/Carbon Hybrid Composites for Building and Construction Applications
author_facet Malik, K.
Ahmad, F.
Yunus, N.A.
Gunister, E.
Shahed, C.A.
author_sort Malik, K.
title Mechanical Investigation of Kenaf/Carbon Hybrid Composites for Building and Construction Applications
title_short Mechanical Investigation of Kenaf/Carbon Hybrid Composites for Building and Construction Applications
title_full Mechanical Investigation of Kenaf/Carbon Hybrid Composites for Building and Construction Applications
title_fullStr Mechanical Investigation of Kenaf/Carbon Hybrid Composites for Building and Construction Applications
title_full_unstemmed Mechanical Investigation of Kenaf/Carbon Hybrid Composites for Building and Construction Applications
title_sort mechanical investigation of kenaf/carbon hybrid composites for building and construction applications
publishDate 2024
url http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/38088/
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85176506645&doi=10.1061%2fJCCOF2.CCENG-4258&partnerID=40&md5=1944b60446d32f49bab54f42e793fcb9
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