Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein Modulators in Children and Adolescents with Different CF Genotypes-Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

• Main Authors: Hamdan, Alaa Hassan Yousif, Zakaria, Faiza, Pormento, Maria Kezia Lourdes, Lawal, Odunayo Susan, Opiegbe, Adaugo, Zahid, Samina, Guntipalli, Prathima, Nasr, Ujala, Rizvi, Syed Asad Ha San
• Format: text
• Published: Archīum Ateneo 2024
• Subjects: CFTR protein modulators; conductance; Cystic fibrosis; elexacaftor; ivacaftor; meta-analysis; tezacaftor
• Online Access: https://archium.ateneo.edu/asmph-pubs/119
• Institution: Ateneo De Manila University

Objective: To determine the efficacy of the first triple CFTR protein modulators in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, following PRISMA guidelines. The following databases were searched extensively: PubMed/Medline, Clinical trials.gov, Google Scholar, Scopus, Embase, and Europe PMC using the keywords: “Ivacaftor”, “Elexacaftor”, “Tezacaftor”, VX_661”, VX_770”, “VX_445”, “cystic fibrosis”. A total of ten randomized clinical trials were included in our analysis. Primary outcomes included: Absolute change in predicted FEV1 from baseline, Absolute change in sweat chloride test from baseline, Absolute change in BMI from baseline, Absolute change in CF-QR from baseline, and Adverse Events. Results: Among primary findings, significant absolute change in predictive FEV1 from baseline through 4 weeks favoured the triple CFTR protein modulators. (MD = 11.80, 95% CI = 8.47_15.12, p value = <0.00001); as well as CF_QR score (MD = 0.00, 95% CI =-2.50_2.50, p value= 1.00), and BMI kg/m² change (MD = 16.90, 95% CI = 12.73_21.06, p value= <0.00001). No significant change was noted for CFTR channels activity in the treatment group when compared to placebo or VX_770/VX_661 (MD =-12.57, 95% CI =-94.46_69.32, p value= 0.76). Conclusion: In children aged ≥ 6 y old and adolescents with F508del_CFTR mutation, Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor tend to be more effective than first-generation therapy, demonstrating promising results by exhibiting significant improvement in lung function, body weight, and respiratory-related quality of life.