The absence and importance of operando techniques for metal-free catalysts

• Main Authors: Yuan, Yifei, Li, Matthew, Bai, Zhengyu, Jiang, Gaopeng, Liu, Bin, Wu, Tianpin, Chen, Zhongwei, Amine, Khalil, Lu, Jun
• Other Authors: School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2020
• Subjects: Engineering::Chemical engineering; CO2 Reduction; Metal-air Battery
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/138757
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

Operando characterization techniques have played a crucial role in modern technological developments. In contrast to the experimental uncertainties introduced by ex situ techniques, the simultaneous measurement of desired sample characteristics and near-realistic electrochemical testing provides a r...