Integrating geodetic images and physics-based modeling towards understanding earthquake ruptures in Indonesia

• Main Author: Salman, Rino
• Other Authors: Emma Hill
• Format: Thesis-Doctor of Philosophy
• Language: English
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2020
• Subjects: Science::Geology::Volcanoes and earthquakes
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/143760; https://doi.org/10.21979/N9/ROC8IB; https://doi.org/10.21979/N9/BDOEYS; https://doi.org/10.21979/N9/2VXWWP
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

To help with efforts to mitigate earthquake hazards, we need to understand how faults have behaved in the past -- for example, how far earthquake ruptures propagate along strike and depth of the faults, and what mechanisms control the extent of earthquake ruptures along the faults -- so that we can ultimately provide insight into their future rupture behaviour. In my thesis, I integrate geodetic data with physics-based modelling and with insights from seismology, geology, and volcanology to better understand how tectonic structures and fault properties affect earthquake ruptures. I study the 2008 M­w 7.2 North Pagai earthquake on the Mentawai patch offshore west Sumatra, a number of Mw ~6 strike-slip earthquakes between 2007 and 2016 on the Sumatran Fault Zone, and the 2018 Mw ~6 thrust earthquakes on the Flores thrust north of Lombok, eastern Indonesia. The study shows that the extent of these earthquake ruptures was controlled by either internal factors such as frictional properties of the fault or external factors such as step-overs and geothermal anomalies.