文学叙述与女性意识 ：电影《红色娘子军》中的 “妇女解放” = Literary narration and female consciousness : understanding women's liberation in Xie Jin's the red detachment of women

• Main Author: 梁雨青 Liang, Yi Cheng
• Other Authors: Fang Xiaoping
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2021
• Subjects: Humanities::Literature::Chinese
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/146925
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

“红色娘子军”是20世纪60至70年代中国文艺界的热门主题，也是中国妇女解放的光辉楷模、中国共产党的“红色名片”。以“红色娘子军”为题材的作品不下10种，其中包括京剧、琼剧、芭蕾舞剧、电影、电视剧、地方戏等多种形式，同名的芭蕾舞剧更是在1967年被列为“八个革命样板戏”之一。而在一众同样标题的文艺作品当中，最经典的娘子军形象源自于著名导演谢晋在1960年执导的电影——《红色娘子军》。 本文将专注讨论《红色娘子军》这部电影中的文学叙述，并从女性意识的角度衡量电影中的“妇女解放”成分。通过电影对女性角色的文学叙述，笔者梳理了女性角色所塑造出的形象以及她们实现“妇女解放”的过程，以此了解这部电影对于“妇女解放”的诠释。然后再以女性意识为视角，通过剖析电影的内容、叙述方式以及“红色娘子军”原型的真实状况，找出隐藏在电影中对于女性这个性别群体的压抑机制，解读这部电影隐藏在“妇女解放”主题下的其他深意。 The Red Detachment of Women was a popular theme within China's literary and art scenes in the 1960s and 1970s. Its story was adapted from an all-female battalion in Hainan and was used as a tool to aggressively promote women’s liberation during Mao’s rule. The topic was remade into numerous versions, the most salient being the ballet version produced by National Ballet of China, having been listed as one of the “Eight Model Plays" in 1967. Amongst all the literary works with the same title, the most widely recognised image of the heroic women soldier were the ones depicted in the film by China’s famous director Xie Jin. This paper focuses on the literary narration and gender discourses in the 1960 film by Xie Jin. The author first seeks to understand the film’s interpretation of “women’s liberation”, by looking at portrayals of women recreated by female characters and the process of how these women achieving liberalisation was depicted in the piece. Subsequently, by investigating the content and narrative, as well as the prototypes of the film, this paper reveals three mechanisms hidden in the film that repressed female consciousness amongst the Chinese women.