必要之善与恶 ：黄怡《林叶的四季》中的生态恐惧症、生物关爱与和谐共生 = Necessary good and evil : ecophobia, biophilia and harmonious coexistence in The Four Seasons of Lam Yip by Wong Yi

• Main Author: 孙靖斐 Seng, Jing Fei
• Other Authors: Kwan Sze Pui Uganda
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2021
• Subjects: Humanities::Literature::Chinese; Humanities::Philosophy::Chinese
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/146926
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

香港九十后作家黄怡的小说作品《林叶的四季》以十岁小孩林叶为主角，他患有洁癖，但对自然动植物具有丰富的好奇心与怜悯。这部小说集以富有童真的视角展现了他的日常生活景象，其中更有不少故事片段取材自现实新闻，全书结合对人和生态环境与自然万物的关系展开细致的刻画，引人省思。 林叶因洁癖而厌恶沙石泥土、动物粪便等自然事物，但这却又无碍他对遭受压迫或身陷危机的动植物产生关爱之情，甚至伸出援手。因此，本文以生态学理论中的“生态恐惧症”（ecophobia）与“生物关爱”（biophilia）分析解读他的矛盾心理。面对这两种互相对立，却往往同时并存的心理状态，学者Scott Slovic认为这是现代常有的现象，而本文也以中西方的生态哲学思想，例如道德共同体的讨论与儒家思想中强调的“和谐共生”，研究人类面对自然应如何拿捏善恶的尺度与界线。 The Four Seasons of Lam Yip, written by a Hong Kong writer Wong Yi(1991-), describes the daily life stories of a 10-year-old boy Lam Yip, who has a strong curiosity and compassion for natural plants and animals though he suffers from mysophobia. Many of these stories are based on news from the reality, which is thought-provoking and makes space for readers to reflect, specifically about the relationship between human and the natural environment. Lam Yip is caring and sympathetic towards the plants and animals that are in danger and he even lend a helping hand to them, though there are many natural things that he hates such as sand, soil and animal feces. Such ambivalence is discussed with the ecological theories of “ecophobia” and “biophilia”. Then, this paper will study the boundaries of necessary good and evil of human towards the natural environment with both Western and Chinese ecological thoughts and philosophy such as the discussions about moral community, and “harmonious coexistence” （和谐共生）in Confucianism.