Studying the effect of Eu3+ ion doping in perovskite solar cells

Perovskite solar cells have been attracting a lot of attention recently due to rapid improvements in its power conversion efficiency over the last decade. Their application in building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is advancing with time and highly relevant for countries like Singapore where the l...

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Main Author: Muhammad Amir Mohamad Kamal
Other Authors: Lydia Helena Wong
Format: Final Year Project
Language:English
Published: Nanyang Technological University 2021
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Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10356/147750
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spelling sg-ntu-dr.10356-1477502023-03-04T15:44:22Z Studying the effect of Eu3+ ion doping in perovskite solar cells Muhammad Amir Mohamad Kamal Lydia Helena Wong School of Materials Science and Engineering LydiaWong@ntu.edu.sg Engineering::Materials Perovskite solar cells have been attracting a lot of attention recently due to rapid improvements in its power conversion efficiency over the last decade. Their application in building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is advancing with time and highly relevant for countries like Singapore where the land area available for solar farms is limited. Therefore, making semi-transparent solar cells that can be put on building windows, facades and walls will alleviates their limitation of area utilization. The aim of this work is to fabricate semi-transparent perovskite absorber and study its device performance. Research efforts have been devoted into the triple cation based organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite formulation of Cs0.05(MA0.17FA0.83)0.95Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 as it is able to address the chemical and thermal stability of mixed cation perovskite. Despite this stabilized composition, the problem with incomplete formation of PbI2 perovskite backbone structure persists. The conversion of elemental Pb0 and I0 to their ionic form Pb2+ and I- is kinetically limited at room temperature. To address these defects, Eu3+/Eu2+ redox shuttle is introduced into the perovskite to help reduce the defect density in the material. Eu3+ would oxidise Pb0 into Pb2+ while generating Eu2+. This Eu2+ would then reduce I0 into I- while regenerating back Eu3+. Thus, this process can continue repeating in a cycle. In this paper, Eu(acac)3 is used to produce the Eu3+ trivalent ions. However, Eu(acac)3 has two conflicting effects onto the perovskite material. While Eu(acac)3 helps reduce the defect density in perovskite, Eu(acac)3 contains H2O ligands. Perovskite is highly susceptible to degradation in the presence of H2O molecules. Thus, having Eu(acac)3 concentration beyond the optimum concentration would lead to a lower power conversion efficiency due to an increased degradation of the absorber perovskite material. The downconversion effect of incorporating Eu3+ ions using Eu(TTA)3Phen onto the electron transport material is also investigated. Downconversion is a quantum-cutting process where the downconversion material splits a high energy incident photon into two or more lower energy photons. This would increase the overall photon absorption by the solar cell. Photovoltaic measurements together with other optical and structural characterizations were conducted to investigate for any improvements. The concentration of Eu(acac)3 in perovskite was optimized to achieve higher power conversion efficiency. Bachelor of Engineering (Materials Engineering) 2021-04-13T06:01:52Z 2021-04-13T06:01:52Z 2021 Final Year Project (FYP) Muhammad Amir Mohamad Kamal (2021). Studying the effect of Eu3+ ion doping in perovskite solar cells. Final Year Project (FYP), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/147750 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/147750 en application/pdf Nanyang Technological University
institution Nanyang Technological University
building NTU Library
continent Asia
country Singapore
Singapore
content_provider NTU Library
collection DR-NTU
language English
topic Engineering::Materials
spellingShingle Engineering::Materials
Muhammad Amir Mohamad Kamal
Studying the effect of Eu3+ ion doping in perovskite solar cells
description Perovskite solar cells have been attracting a lot of attention recently due to rapid improvements in its power conversion efficiency over the last decade. Their application in building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is advancing with time and highly relevant for countries like Singapore where the land area available for solar farms is limited. Therefore, making semi-transparent solar cells that can be put on building windows, facades and walls will alleviates their limitation of area utilization. The aim of this work is to fabricate semi-transparent perovskite absorber and study its device performance. Research efforts have been devoted into the triple cation based organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite formulation of Cs0.05(MA0.17FA0.83)0.95Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 as it is able to address the chemical and thermal stability of mixed cation perovskite. Despite this stabilized composition, the problem with incomplete formation of PbI2 perovskite backbone structure persists. The conversion of elemental Pb0 and I0 to their ionic form Pb2+ and I- is kinetically limited at room temperature. To address these defects, Eu3+/Eu2+ redox shuttle is introduced into the perovskite to help reduce the defect density in the material. Eu3+ would oxidise Pb0 into Pb2+ while generating Eu2+. This Eu2+ would then reduce I0 into I- while regenerating back Eu3+. Thus, this process can continue repeating in a cycle. In this paper, Eu(acac)3 is used to produce the Eu3+ trivalent ions. However, Eu(acac)3 has two conflicting effects onto the perovskite material. While Eu(acac)3 helps reduce the defect density in perovskite, Eu(acac)3 contains H2O ligands. Perovskite is highly susceptible to degradation in the presence of H2O molecules. Thus, having Eu(acac)3 concentration beyond the optimum concentration would lead to a lower power conversion efficiency due to an increased degradation of the absorber perovskite material. The downconversion effect of incorporating Eu3+ ions using Eu(TTA)3Phen onto the electron transport material is also investigated. Downconversion is a quantum-cutting process where the downconversion material splits a high energy incident photon into two or more lower energy photons. This would increase the overall photon absorption by the solar cell. Photovoltaic measurements together with other optical and structural characterizations were conducted to investigate for any improvements. The concentration of Eu(acac)3 in perovskite was optimized to achieve higher power conversion efficiency.
author2 Lydia Helena Wong
author_facet Lydia Helena Wong
Muhammad Amir Mohamad Kamal
format Final Year Project
author Muhammad Amir Mohamad Kamal
author_sort Muhammad Amir Mohamad Kamal
title Studying the effect of Eu3+ ion doping in perovskite solar cells
title_short Studying the effect of Eu3+ ion doping in perovskite solar cells
title_full Studying the effect of Eu3+ ion doping in perovskite solar cells
title_fullStr Studying the effect of Eu3+ ion doping in perovskite solar cells
title_full_unstemmed Studying the effect of Eu3+ ion doping in perovskite solar cells
title_sort studying the effect of eu3+ ion doping in perovskite solar cells
publisher Nanyang Technological University
publishDate 2021
url https://hdl.handle.net/10356/147750
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