幽禁中之丰姿，落寞中之妖冶：《唐詩名媛集》述評 = Charming in silence and coquettish in desolate : a commentary on Tangshi Mingyuan Ji

• Main Author: 曲景毅 Qu, Jingyi
• Other Authors: School of Humanities
• Format: Article
• Language: Chinese
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: Humanities::Language::Chinese; 唐詩名媛集 Tangshi Mingyuan Ji; 杨肇祉 Yang Zhaozhi
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/147841
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

《唐詩名媛集》是晚明楊肇祉編選的《唐詩艷逸品》之第一種，選詩91首，專門選錄唐詩中描寫歷代名媛的詩篇，呈現了一幅姿態萬千的美人圖卷。選錄諸篇強調對女子獨立人格、鮮明個性的刻畫與描繪，透露出楊肇祉獨特的選詩宗旨：他固然看重詩中女子的「名媛」身份，但更重視其氣節風度，即凡例中所說「志凜秋霜、心盟匪石、遞密傳悰」者，志凜秋霜，指女子志行高潔，「心盟匪石」指女子對愛情堅貞，「遞密傳悰」不易理解，「悰」指心緒，「遞密」或同「密遞」，「遞密傳悰」或為私相傳遞或暗通蹤跡之意。本集所描寫的「名媛」，大致分為名妃、淑姬、聲妓、孽妾四種，既收錄了描寫王昭君、陳阿嬌、班婕妤等前代名媛之作，也收錄了描繪楊貴妃、崔鶯鶯、關盼盼等唐代名媛的詩歌，全面地反映了唐人對歷代名嬡的書寫風貌。值得注意的是，《名媛集》收錄了一些反映唐代劇場演出狀況的詩歌，可作為研究唐代戲劇活動的史料。Tangshi mingyuan ji 唐詩名媛集 (A compilation of Tang poems on mingyuan) is one of the volumes of Tangshi yanyi pin 唐詩艷逸品 (Exemplars of the flamboyant and the elegant in Tang poetry) edited by late Ming scholar Yang Zhaozhi 楊肇祉. Ninety-one Tang poems specifically on mingyuan (or literally famous women) are collected in it, which comprehensively reflects how the Tang literati wrote about mingyuan of different dynasties. It showed Yang Zhaozhi's unique choice and taste: he places a greater importance on the integrity and moral principles of the poem's protagonist than her social status. As encapsulated in the anthology's explanatory notes, it selects ladies of ＂integrity, fidelity, and unwavering moral principles transmitting emotions＂ 志凜秋霜、心盟匪石、遞密傳悰 (zhilin qiushuang, xinmeng feishi, dimi chuancong). Zhilin qiushuang refers to a woman's noble aspirations. Xinmeng feishi describes a woman of unwavering moral principles. However, the line dimi chuancong is baffling. Cong refers to matters of the heart while dimi refers to ＂private transmission＂; Dimi chuancong (or chuanzong) might thus be describing the infidelity and secret rendezvous between a man and a woman. The mingyuan included in this volume are mainly women under four categories, namely imperial concubines, virtuous women, courtesans, and lowly concubines. The Mingyuan ji collects works describing mingyuan from the previous dynasties including Wang Zhaojun 王昭君, Chen Ajiao 陳阿嬌, and Consort Ban 班婕妤. It also collects works about Tang mingyuan including Imperial Consort Yang 楊貴妃, Cui Yingying 崔鶯鶯 and Guan Panpan 關盼盼. Thus, the Mingyuan ji comprehensively reflects the writing style of the Tang literati towards mingyuan of different dynasties. Another point worthy of note is that the Mingyuan ji also collects some poems reflecting the situation of theatre performances during the Tang dynasty and thus could be used as a historical reference for them.