Multi-sensor satellite remote sensing of volcanic regions

Volcano monitoring is important for understanding the current activity level and potential for eruption. While ground-based monitoring is still necessary for temporally dense monitoring, satellite data is increasingly used for monitoring regional volcanic activity and processes due to its wider spat...

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Main Author: Way, Lin
Other Authors: Emma Hill
Format: Final Year Project
Language:English
Published: Nanyang Technological University 2021
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Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10356/148296
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Institution: Nanyang Technological University
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spelling sg-ntu-dr.10356-1482962023-02-28T16:46:49Z Multi-sensor satellite remote sensing of volcanic regions Way, Lin Emma Hill Asian School of the Environment Cornell University Matthew Pritchard ehill@ntu.edu.sg Science::Geology::Volcanoes and earthquakes Volcano monitoring is important for understanding the current activity level and potential for eruption. While ground-based monitoring is still necessary for temporally dense monitoring, satellite data is increasingly used for monitoring regional volcanic activity and processes due to its wider spatial footprint and coverage over remote volcanoes (Pritchard et al., in press). Satellite-based techniques have been used to monitor deformation, thermal features, gas emissions and ash emissions. In this study, we focus on satellite detections of thermal anomalies (Part I) and deformation (Part II). Numerous studies have made use of thermal observations from satellite data to analyse a range of volcanic features including lava flows and fumarole fields (Pyle et al., 2013). In comparison to conventional point-based deformation measurements, advancements in Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) techniques provide spatially dense surface deformation data which can be used to model and gain insights into underlying volcanic or tectonic processes (Pyle et al., 2013). Each type of volcanic monitoring has different temporal and spatial resolutions as well as thresholds for detection (Furtney et al., 2018). Together with the fact that not all volcanoes show all types of activity at the same time, this suggests a need for integration between multiple datasets and sensors. While thermal observations from infrared measurements by MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) can be acquired up to four times a day at 1 km/pixel, ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) has a longer repeat interval of at least 16 days but with higher spatial resolution (90 m/pixel). Data from MODIS and ASTER are complementary and can reveal volcanic processes that occur over different time and spatial scales. In this report, we use two different types of satellite data in two separate geographic areas to address the following research questions: 1. What proportion of Indonesian volcanoes have satellite detectable thermal anomalies, as compared to volcanoes located in other volcano-rich countries such as the United States? (Part I) 2. What is the nature of volcano-tectonic interactions around Sabancaya volcano in Peru? (Part II) We show that there is potential in using higher resolution thermal infrared data to identify and track changes in volcanic thermal features at potentially active volcanoes, and higher coherence InSAR data can reveal more detailed surface deformation and lead to fault source models that are more representative of the regional tectonics. Bachelor of Science in Environmental Earth Systems Science 2021-04-27T06:09:48Z 2021-04-27T06:09:48Z 2021 Final Year Project (FYP) Way, L. (2021). Multi-sensor satellite remote sensing of volcanic regions. Final Year Project (FYP), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/148296 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/148296 en application/pdf Nanyang Technological University
institution Nanyang Technological University
building NTU Library
continent Asia
country Singapore
Singapore
content_provider NTU Library
collection DR-NTU
language English
topic Science::Geology::Volcanoes and earthquakes
spellingShingle Science::Geology::Volcanoes and earthquakes
Way, Lin
Multi-sensor satellite remote sensing of volcanic regions
description Volcano monitoring is important for understanding the current activity level and potential for eruption. While ground-based monitoring is still necessary for temporally dense monitoring, satellite data is increasingly used for monitoring regional volcanic activity and processes due to its wider spatial footprint and coverage over remote volcanoes (Pritchard et al., in press). Satellite-based techniques have been used to monitor deformation, thermal features, gas emissions and ash emissions. In this study, we focus on satellite detections of thermal anomalies (Part I) and deformation (Part II). Numerous studies have made use of thermal observations from satellite data to analyse a range of volcanic features including lava flows and fumarole fields (Pyle et al., 2013). In comparison to conventional point-based deformation measurements, advancements in Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) techniques provide spatially dense surface deformation data which can be used to model and gain insights into underlying volcanic or tectonic processes (Pyle et al., 2013). Each type of volcanic monitoring has different temporal and spatial resolutions as well as thresholds for detection (Furtney et al., 2018). Together with the fact that not all volcanoes show all types of activity at the same time, this suggests a need for integration between multiple datasets and sensors. While thermal observations from infrared measurements by MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) can be acquired up to four times a day at 1 km/pixel, ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) has a longer repeat interval of at least 16 days but with higher spatial resolution (90 m/pixel). Data from MODIS and ASTER are complementary and can reveal volcanic processes that occur over different time and spatial scales. In this report, we use two different types of satellite data in two separate geographic areas to address the following research questions: 1. What proportion of Indonesian volcanoes have satellite detectable thermal anomalies, as compared to volcanoes located in other volcano-rich countries such as the United States? (Part I) 2. What is the nature of volcano-tectonic interactions around Sabancaya volcano in Peru? (Part II) We show that there is potential in using higher resolution thermal infrared data to identify and track changes in volcanic thermal features at potentially active volcanoes, and higher coherence InSAR data can reveal more detailed surface deformation and lead to fault source models that are more representative of the regional tectonics.
author2 Emma Hill
author_facet Emma Hill
Way, Lin
format Final Year Project
author Way, Lin
author_sort Way, Lin
title Multi-sensor satellite remote sensing of volcanic regions
title_short Multi-sensor satellite remote sensing of volcanic regions
title_full Multi-sensor satellite remote sensing of volcanic regions
title_fullStr Multi-sensor satellite remote sensing of volcanic regions
title_full_unstemmed Multi-sensor satellite remote sensing of volcanic regions
title_sort multi-sensor satellite remote sensing of volcanic regions
publisher Nanyang Technological University
publishDate 2021
url https://hdl.handle.net/10356/148296
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