论明泰昌、天启初年内臣与朝臣的关系 ：以宦官王安为例 = The relationship between eunuchs and imperial officials from Ming Tai Chang period to early Tian Qi period : a case study of eunuch Wang An

• Main Author: 马爱连 Ma, Ah Lain
• Other Authors: Chang Yuan
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2021
• Subjects: Humanities::History; Humanities::Literature::Chinese
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/152869
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

在明代由于司礼监管理奏章文书、加上又是皇帝的近侍能够为皇帝提供意见，最主要的是拥有批红权能够代皇帝对内阁票拟经行批红，这样一来朝臣就不得不与司礼监的太监经行沟通和合作。本文以泰昌至天启初年的司礼监秉笔太监王安为中心，通过他的过往职能以及职能所能接触到的朝臣做个连接，试图分析王安与朝臣的关系。其中以王安和东林人士的关系最为重要，因为在泰昌至天启初年，东林人士对拥立太子、提出废除矿税等有功被大量复用，他们占据朝廷中的优势地位。探讨他的职能所带来的便利以及和朝臣合作的必然性。以明末三大案等事例来说明王安的发展和重要性以及和朝臣合作的一些具体例子。最后王安的覆灭也意味着以魏忠贤为首的阉党崛起，失去依靠的东林人士被严厉打击。In the Ming Dynasty, in order for imperial edicts to be promulgated, approval from the Directorate of Ceremonial (司礼监), an eunuch institution, was often needed. Therefore, court officials had to communicate and cooperate with those eunuchs from the Directorate of Ceremonial. This paper is centered on the eunuch Wang An, who became one of the key personnel in the Directorate of Ceremonial during the Taichang period and the early years of the Tianqi. By looking at his career, we can connect the possible links between Wang An and the imperial officials and analyze their relationship. Among the most important relationship was the one between him and the Donglin faction. This is because from the Taichang to the early years of the Tianqi, the Donglin faction strongly supported the crown prince and proposed to abolish the mineral tax, etc. Thus, when the Taichang emperor ascended to the throne, the Donglin managed to return to power and dominated the imperial court. This paper also discusses the various conveniences obtained by the imperial officials due to their cooperation with Wang An. Using the three major cases in the late Ming and other incidents to illustrate the development and importance of Wang An, we can understand the importance of the partnership between him and the court officials. Lastly, Wang’s death meant the rise of Wei Zhongxian and his followers, as well as the fall of the Donglin faction due to the loss of support from the inner court.