Australasian impact crater buried under the Bolaven volcanic field, Southern Laos

• Main Authors: Sieh, Kerry, Herrin, Jason, Jicha, Brian, Schonwalder Angel, Dayana, Moore, James Daniel Paul, Banerjee, Paramesh, Wiwegwin, Weerachat, Sihavong, Vanpheng, Singer, Brad, Chualaowanich, Tawachai, Charusiri, Punya
• Other Authors: Earth Observatory of Singapore
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: Science::Geology; Impact Crater; Australasian; Laos; Tektites
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/153327
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

The crater and proximal effects of the largest known young meteorite impact on Earth have eluded discovery for nearly a century. We present 4 lines of evidence that the 0.79-Ma impact crater of the Australasian tektites lies buried beneath lavas of a long-lived, 910-km3 volcanic field in Southern Laos: 1) Tektite geochemistry implies the presence of young, weathered basalts at the site at the time of the impact. 2) Geologic mapping and 40Ar-39Ar dates confirm that both pre- and postimpact basaltic lavas exist at the proposed impact site and that postimpact basalts wholly cover it. 3) A gravity anomaly there may also reflect the presence of a buried ∼17 × 13-km crater. 4) The nature of an outcrop of thick, crudely layered, bouldery sandstone and mudstone breccia 10-20 km from the center of the impact and fractured quartz grains within its boulder clasts support its being part of the proximal ejecta blanket.