Adsorption of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater by granular activated carbons : roles of hydrophobicity of PFAS and carbon characteristics

The adsorption breakthrough behavior of nine perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwaters by four bituminous coal-based granular activated carbons (F400, Carbsorb 40, HPC and CMR400) was studied using rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs). The half breakthrough bed volume (BV50), an indicator...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Park, Minkyu, Wu, Shimin, Lopez, Israel J., Chang, Joseph Y., Karanfil, Tanju, Snyder, Shane Allen
Other Authors: Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10356/153427
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Institution: Nanyang Technological University
Language: English
id sg-ntu-dr.10356-153427
record_format dspace
spelling sg-ntu-dr.10356-1534272021-12-04T20:11:20Z Adsorption of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater by granular activated carbons : roles of hydrophobicity of PFAS and carbon characteristics Park, Minkyu Wu, Shimin Lopez, Israel J. Chang, Joseph Y. Karanfil, Tanju Snyder, Shane Allen Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Engineering::Environmental engineering::Water treatment Perfluoroalkyl Substances Groundwater The adsorption breakthrough behavior of nine perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwaters by four bituminous coal-based granular activated carbons (F400, Carbsorb 40, HPC and CMR400) was studied using rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs). The half breakthrough bed volume (BV50), an indicator of apparent adsorption capacity, correlated with the hydrophobicity of PFAS at a given pH (i.e., Log Dow) for F400, indicating that hydrophobic interaction is important for apparent adsorption capacity of PFAS in groundwater with low dissolved organic concentrations (DOC < 1 mg C/L) and low specific UV absorbances at 254 nm (SUVA254 < 2 L mg-1m-1). Higher empty bed contact time (EBCT) caused steeper PFAS breakthrough curves with respect to throughput, but did not affect apparent adsorption capacity. Three different sizes of F400 (0.13, 0.17, and 0.20 mm) exhibited similar breakthrough profiles of PFAS, indicating that the intraparticle diffusivity was independent of adsorbent diameter in the given conditions. Among the tested carbons, the positively charged adsorbents (F400, HPC, and CMR400) showed higher apparent adsorption capacities for hydrophilic (Log Dow at pH 7 < 0) and marginally hydrophobic PFAS (Log Dow at pH 7 between 0 and 1) than the negatively charged adsorbent (Carbsorb 40). In addition, activated carbons with higher micropore surface areas exhibited higher apparent adsorption capacities of hydrophilic and marginally hydrophobic PFAS among the positively-charged activated carbons, whereas the mesoporous carbon (HPC) exhibited an increasingly larger adsorption capacity for more hydrophobic PFAS compared to the microporous carbon (F400) at a later breakthrough possibly due to less pore blockage. Accepted version 2021-12-01T07:07:20Z 2021-12-01T07:07:20Z 2020 Journal Article Park, M., Wu, S., Lopez, I. J., Chang, J. Y., Karanfil, T. & Snyder, S. A. (2020). Adsorption of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater by granular activated carbons : roles of hydrophobicity of PFAS and carbon characteristics. Water Research, 170, 115364-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115364 0043-1354 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/153427 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115364 31812815 2-s2.0-85076097324 170 115364 en Water Research © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This paper was published in Water Research and is made available with permission of Elsevier Ltd. application/pdf
institution Nanyang Technological University
building NTU Library
continent Asia
country Singapore
Singapore
content_provider NTU Library
collection DR-NTU
language English
topic Engineering::Environmental engineering::Water treatment
Perfluoroalkyl Substances
Groundwater
spellingShingle Engineering::Environmental engineering::Water treatment
Perfluoroalkyl Substances
Groundwater
Park, Minkyu
Wu, Shimin
Lopez, Israel J.
Chang, Joseph Y.
Karanfil, Tanju
Snyder, Shane Allen
Adsorption of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater by granular activated carbons : roles of hydrophobicity of PFAS and carbon characteristics
description The adsorption breakthrough behavior of nine perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwaters by four bituminous coal-based granular activated carbons (F400, Carbsorb 40, HPC and CMR400) was studied using rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs). The half breakthrough bed volume (BV50), an indicator of apparent adsorption capacity, correlated with the hydrophobicity of PFAS at a given pH (i.e., Log Dow) for F400, indicating that hydrophobic interaction is important for apparent adsorption capacity of PFAS in groundwater with low dissolved organic concentrations (DOC < 1 mg C/L) and low specific UV absorbances at 254 nm (SUVA254 < 2 L mg-1m-1). Higher empty bed contact time (EBCT) caused steeper PFAS breakthrough curves with respect to throughput, but did not affect apparent adsorption capacity. Three different sizes of F400 (0.13, 0.17, and 0.20 mm) exhibited similar breakthrough profiles of PFAS, indicating that the intraparticle diffusivity was independent of adsorbent diameter in the given conditions. Among the tested carbons, the positively charged adsorbents (F400, HPC, and CMR400) showed higher apparent adsorption capacities for hydrophilic (Log Dow at pH 7 < 0) and marginally hydrophobic PFAS (Log Dow at pH 7 between 0 and 1) than the negatively charged adsorbent (Carbsorb 40). In addition, activated carbons with higher micropore surface areas exhibited higher apparent adsorption capacities of hydrophilic and marginally hydrophobic PFAS among the positively-charged activated carbons, whereas the mesoporous carbon (HPC) exhibited an increasingly larger adsorption capacity for more hydrophobic PFAS compared to the microporous carbon (F400) at a later breakthrough possibly due to less pore blockage.
author2 Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute
author_facet Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute
Park, Minkyu
Wu, Shimin
Lopez, Israel J.
Chang, Joseph Y.
Karanfil, Tanju
Snyder, Shane Allen
format Article
author Park, Minkyu
Wu, Shimin
Lopez, Israel J.
Chang, Joseph Y.
Karanfil, Tanju
Snyder, Shane Allen
author_sort Park, Minkyu
title Adsorption of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater by granular activated carbons : roles of hydrophobicity of PFAS and carbon characteristics
title_short Adsorption of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater by granular activated carbons : roles of hydrophobicity of PFAS and carbon characteristics
title_full Adsorption of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater by granular activated carbons : roles of hydrophobicity of PFAS and carbon characteristics
title_fullStr Adsorption of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater by granular activated carbons : roles of hydrophobicity of PFAS and carbon characteristics
title_full_unstemmed Adsorption of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater by granular activated carbons : roles of hydrophobicity of PFAS and carbon characteristics
title_sort adsorption of perfluoroalkyl substances (pfas) in groundwater by granular activated carbons : roles of hydrophobicity of pfas and carbon characteristics
publishDate 2021
url https://hdl.handle.net/10356/153427
_version_ 1718368038833618944