Investigation of surface tension driven flow in small capillaries

The surface tension driven flow is being investigated in this report. Mixtures of 4:1, 6:1 and 8:1 glycerin-Di water mixtures are the fluids used in this experiment. For the horizontal capillary tubes, 300µm, 500µm and 700µm diameters are chosen. The aim is to find out the different effects that the...

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Main Author: Li, Kunlin.
Other Authors: Yang Chun, Charles
Format: Final Year Project
Language:English
Published: 2009
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Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10356/15408
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Institution: Nanyang Technological University
Language: English
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spelling sg-ntu-dr.10356-154082023-03-04T18:47:38Z Investigation of surface tension driven flow in small capillaries Li, Kunlin. Yang Chun, Charles School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering DRNTU::Engineering::Mechanical engineering::Fluid mechanics The surface tension driven flow is being investigated in this report. Mixtures of 4:1, 6:1 and 8:1 glycerin-Di water mixtures are the fluids used in this experiment. For the horizontal capillary tubes, 300µm, 500µm and 700µm diameters are chosen. The aim is to find out the different effects that the viscosity of the mixtures and capillary diameters have on the surface tension flow by using comparisons. A container with an outlet facing one opening of the horizontal capillary is used to create the reservoir effect. The other end is left open. A capillary holder is constructed to hold the capillary to the height of the reservoir outlet. And a CCD camera is used to capture the flowing motion of the fluid passing through the capillary. The recorded video is then analyzed using MB ruler program, the readings measured and taken down. Lucas-Washburn equation is modified for to find the displacement in open end capillary reservoir flow; the experimental data is then compared to that of the theoretical one through using Matlab. The results show that the experimental results and the theory fit closely together thus confirming the experimental data is accurate. The volume of the fluid is not fixed and allowed to flow to the maximum displacement of 10cm in the capillary tube, the time taken to complete the flow is observed for that of different diameter, then of different viscosity. Key findings show that lower viscosity fluid flows faster in the same capillary tube and reach the end in a shorter time. The larger capillary diameter also allows more fluid to pass through causing the fluid to flow faster. Furthermore, viscosity and density properties of nano-fluids are measured. The viscosity is measured with the stress-controlled rheometer. Different nano-fluid ratios of 4:1 to 8:1 with 1% and 5% particles are used to compare the viscosity against the shearing rate in the graphs. Findings show that the nano-particles are able to affect the fluids causing the viscosity to increase overall. In addition, for a single liquid capillary flow, dimensionless Pi groups are derived using the similarity analysis. It is demonstrated that using the derived Pi groups, the experimental data for the displacement of Glycerin-Di Water mixtures of viscosities Gly 6:1 and Gly 8:1 ratio in 700µm capillaries and ratio of 4:1 in diameters ,300µm and 500µm can collapse into one curve that is consistent with the Washburn equation. Bachelor of Engineering 2009-04-29T04:49:02Z 2009-04-29T04:49:02Z 2009 2009 Final Year Project (FYP) http://hdl.handle.net/10356/15408 en Nanyang Technological University 102 p. application/pdf
institution Nanyang Technological University
building NTU Library
continent Asia
country Singapore
Singapore
content_provider NTU Library
collection DR-NTU
language English
topic DRNTU::Engineering::Mechanical engineering::Fluid mechanics
spellingShingle DRNTU::Engineering::Mechanical engineering::Fluid mechanics
Li, Kunlin.
Investigation of surface tension driven flow in small capillaries
description The surface tension driven flow is being investigated in this report. Mixtures of 4:1, 6:1 and 8:1 glycerin-Di water mixtures are the fluids used in this experiment. For the horizontal capillary tubes, 300µm, 500µm and 700µm diameters are chosen. The aim is to find out the different effects that the viscosity of the mixtures and capillary diameters have on the surface tension flow by using comparisons. A container with an outlet facing one opening of the horizontal capillary is used to create the reservoir effect. The other end is left open. A capillary holder is constructed to hold the capillary to the height of the reservoir outlet. And a CCD camera is used to capture the flowing motion of the fluid passing through the capillary. The recorded video is then analyzed using MB ruler program, the readings measured and taken down. Lucas-Washburn equation is modified for to find the displacement in open end capillary reservoir flow; the experimental data is then compared to that of the theoretical one through using Matlab. The results show that the experimental results and the theory fit closely together thus confirming the experimental data is accurate. The volume of the fluid is not fixed and allowed to flow to the maximum displacement of 10cm in the capillary tube, the time taken to complete the flow is observed for that of different diameter, then of different viscosity. Key findings show that lower viscosity fluid flows faster in the same capillary tube and reach the end in a shorter time. The larger capillary diameter also allows more fluid to pass through causing the fluid to flow faster. Furthermore, viscosity and density properties of nano-fluids are measured. The viscosity is measured with the stress-controlled rheometer. Different nano-fluid ratios of 4:1 to 8:1 with 1% and 5% particles are used to compare the viscosity against the shearing rate in the graphs. Findings show that the nano-particles are able to affect the fluids causing the viscosity to increase overall. In addition, for a single liquid capillary flow, dimensionless Pi groups are derived using the similarity analysis. It is demonstrated that using the derived Pi groups, the experimental data for the displacement of Glycerin-Di Water mixtures of viscosities Gly 6:1 and Gly 8:1 ratio in 700µm capillaries and ratio of 4:1 in diameters ,300µm and 500µm can collapse into one curve that is consistent with the Washburn equation.
author2 Yang Chun, Charles
author_facet Yang Chun, Charles
Li, Kunlin.
format Final Year Project
author Li, Kunlin.
author_sort Li, Kunlin.
title Investigation of surface tension driven flow in small capillaries
title_short Investigation of surface tension driven flow in small capillaries
title_full Investigation of surface tension driven flow in small capillaries
title_fullStr Investigation of surface tension driven flow in small capillaries
title_full_unstemmed Investigation of surface tension driven flow in small capillaries
title_sort investigation of surface tension driven flow in small capillaries
publishDate 2009
url http://hdl.handle.net/10356/15408
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