A new quaternary stratigraphy of the Kallang River Basin, Singapore: implications for urban development and geotechnical engineering in Singapore
The Quaternary stratigraphy of many coastal areas in Southeast Asia is poorly understood. Developing a detailed framework is important as many coastal cities are built on these unconsolidated coastal-marine sediments. This study reviews the current understanding of Quaternary deposits in the Kallang...
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sg-ntu-dr.10356-1608732022-08-05T01:36:27Z A new quaternary stratigraphy of the Kallang River Basin, Singapore: implications for urban development and geotechnical engineering in Singapore Chua, Stephen Switzer, Adam D. Kearsey, Timothy I. Bird, Michael I. Rowe, Cassandra Chiam, Kiefer Horton, Benjamin Peter Asian School of the Environment Earth Observatory of Singapore Science::Geology Quaternary Stratigraphy The Quaternary stratigraphy of many coastal areas in Southeast Asia is poorly understood. Developing a detailed framework is important as many coastal cities are built on these unconsolidated coastal-marine sediments. This study reviews the current understanding of Quaternary deposits in the Kallang River Basin, Singapore, using 161 boreholes to create 14 cross-sections and a 3D geological model. The dataset is augmented with a ~38.5 m long sediment core obtained from Marina South (1.2726°N, 103.8653°E), and a previous record from Geylang (1.3137°N; 103.8917°E), to provide age constraints and stratigraphic reference. A new Quaternary stratigraphic framework for Singapore is presented here, constrained by new radiocarbon and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating, and identify palaeo-features that record the geomorphic and sedimentary evolution of the basin. Fluvial deposits of Pleistocene age are uncomfortably overlain by littoral/tidal sands and subsequently marine clay possibly during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e (~125 ka BP). Subsequent subaerial exposure and weathering of the marine clay during the last interglacial produced a ‘stiff clay’ layer. The stiff clay is unconformably overlain by Holocene transgressive sands and peats from ~9.5 ka BP, followed by marine clays with a maximum basal age of ~9.2 ka BP. Regressive sandy/peat units were subsequently deposited beginning ~6 ka BP. Here the new Quaternary stratigraphic framework for Singapore is presented, as well as provide important constraints on the regional sea-level history and geomorphological evolution of Singapore's southern coast from MIS 5e to present. The work also highlights the complexities of geoengineering work in such subsurface terranes. Ministry of Education (MOE) Nanyang Technological University This research was supported by the Earth Observatory of Singapore (EOS) grants M4430132.B50-2014 (Singapore Quaternary Geology), M4430139.B50-2015 (Singapore Holocene Sea Level), M4430188.B50- 2016 (Singapore Drilling Project), M4430245.B50-2017 and M4430245.B50-2018 (Kallang Basin Project) and the Singapore Ministry of Education under the Research Centres of Excellence initiative, and by the Nanyang Technological University. 2022-08-05T01:36:27Z 2022-08-05T01:36:27Z 2020 Journal Article Chua, S., Switzer, A. D., Kearsey, T. I., Bird, M. I., Rowe, C., Chiam, K. & Horton, B. P. (2020). A new quaternary stratigraphy of the Kallang River Basin, Singapore: implications for urban development and geotechnical engineering in Singapore. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 200, 104430-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2020.104430 1367-9120 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/160873 10.1016/j.jseaes.2020.104430 2-s2.0-85087938837 200 104430 en M4430132.B50-2014 M4430139.B50-2015 M4430188.B50-2016 M4430245.B50-2017 M4430245.B50-2018 Journal of Asian Earth Sciences © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Science::Geology Quaternary Stratigraphy Chua, Stephen Switzer, Adam D. Kearsey, Timothy I. Bird, Michael I. Rowe, Cassandra Chiam, Kiefer Horton, Benjamin Peter A new quaternary stratigraphy of the Kallang River Basin, Singapore: implications for urban development and geotechnical engineering in Singapore |
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The Quaternary stratigraphy of many coastal areas in Southeast Asia is poorly understood. Developing a detailed framework is important as many coastal cities are built on these unconsolidated coastal-marine sediments. This study reviews the current understanding of Quaternary deposits in the Kallang River Basin, Singapore, using 161 boreholes to create 14 cross-sections and a 3D geological model. The dataset is augmented with a ~38.5 m long sediment core obtained from Marina South (1.2726°N, 103.8653°E), and a previous record from Geylang (1.3137°N; 103.8917°E), to provide age constraints and stratigraphic reference. A new Quaternary stratigraphic framework for Singapore is presented here, constrained by new radiocarbon and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating, and identify palaeo-features that record the geomorphic and sedimentary evolution of the basin. Fluvial deposits of Pleistocene age are uncomfortably overlain by littoral/tidal sands and subsequently marine clay possibly during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e (~125 ka BP). Subsequent subaerial exposure and weathering of the marine clay during the last interglacial produced a ‘stiff clay’ layer. The stiff clay is unconformably overlain by Holocene transgressive sands and peats from ~9.5 ka BP, followed by marine clays with a maximum basal age of ~9.2 ka BP. Regressive sandy/peat units were subsequently deposited beginning ~6 ka BP. Here the new Quaternary stratigraphic framework for Singapore is presented, as well as provide important constraints on the regional sea-level history and geomorphological evolution of Singapore's southern coast from MIS 5e to present. The work also highlights the complexities of geoengineering work in such subsurface terranes. |
author2 |
Asian School of the Environment |
author_facet |
Asian School of the Environment Chua, Stephen Switzer, Adam D. Kearsey, Timothy I. Bird, Michael I. Rowe, Cassandra Chiam, Kiefer Horton, Benjamin Peter |
format |
Article |
author |
Chua, Stephen Switzer, Adam D. Kearsey, Timothy I. Bird, Michael I. Rowe, Cassandra Chiam, Kiefer Horton, Benjamin Peter |
author_sort |
Chua, Stephen |
title |
A new quaternary stratigraphy of the Kallang River Basin, Singapore: implications for urban development and geotechnical engineering in Singapore |
title_short |
A new quaternary stratigraphy of the Kallang River Basin, Singapore: implications for urban development and geotechnical engineering in Singapore |
title_full |
A new quaternary stratigraphy of the Kallang River Basin, Singapore: implications for urban development and geotechnical engineering in Singapore |
title_fullStr |
A new quaternary stratigraphy of the Kallang River Basin, Singapore: implications for urban development and geotechnical engineering in Singapore |
title_full_unstemmed |
A new quaternary stratigraphy of the Kallang River Basin, Singapore: implications for urban development and geotechnical engineering in Singapore |
title_sort |
new quaternary stratigraphy of the kallang river basin, singapore: implications for urban development and geotechnical engineering in singapore |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10356/160873 |
_version_ |
1743119551594233856 |