《习近平谈治国理政》的贫困治理思想 = An analysis of the anti-poverty thoughts in Xi Jinping's The Governance of China

• Main Author: 林宇思 Lin, David Yu Si
• Other Authors: Yow Cheun Hoe
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2022
• Subjects: Humanities::Literature::Chinese
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/162185
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

全球有数十亿人口面临着不同程度的贫困问题，中国改革开放后的40年间使近8亿人口脱贫。本文通过研究《习近平谈治国理政》第一卷至第三卷的文本内容与回顾中国治贫历史，发现了《习》治贫思想继承了前任邓、江、胡政府的治贫思想，并在此基础上进行了创新；治贫是《习》的核心课题之一，《习》急迫希望消灭贫困以达到中国复兴的目标。本文同时通过经济学的分析，发现《习》的治贫思想并不拘泥于任何经济学的“主义”，只要能达成扶贫目标，《习》愿意采取各学派的主张；在政治层面，《习》坚持走中国道路扶贫，认为政体西方化的改革有害中国并加以反对。《习》的治贫思想因时制宜，积极驾驭当代社会潮流，主张中国积极参与并主导全球化，构建“人类命运共同体”；利用现代科技、高科技；实现农村现代化与稳健可控的城市化来治贫。然而，《习》的治贫思想未能形成一个新的、普世性的经济学主义或政治主义，仅停留在实用性的临时指导程度，并折射了一个国家在面对战争时的反应。 Globally, billions of people are experiencing poverty to varying degrees. Within four decades of Chinese reform and opening-up in 1978, China was able to lift nearly 800 million people out of poverty. This paper analyzes the first three volumes of The Governance of China and reflects the poverty alleviation history of People's Republic of China. It finds that The Governance of China has inherited its anti-poverty thoughts from that of the precedent Deng, Jiang and Hu governments and innovated on the basis of them. Poverty alleviation is one of the core topics of The Governance of China, which seeks to rejuvenate China through eradicating poverty. From economic point of view, this paper finds that The Governance of China does not rigidly adhere to any economic theories. It is willing to employ any economic theory as long as it can achieve its poverty alleviation objectives. Politically, The Governance of China insists on strictly adhering to China's own unique form of government and opposes reforms towards a Western-style government to solve the poverty issue as it believes that a Western-style political reform is detrimental for China. The anti-poverty thoughts of The Governance of China are timely and take into account of the current global trends; it advocates China to proactively participate and lead globalization; and to build Community of Common Destiny. They also seek to alleviate poverty through modern technology, advanced technology, modernization of rural areas, steady and controllable urbanization. However, the anti-poverty thoughts of The Governance of China have not been able to construct a new, universal economic theory or political theory; they remain at the level of temporary pragmatic guidance as a response to a current situation and display traits of a wartime economy.