Olfactory identification disorders due to Alzheimer's disease: a new test from France to Quebec

Olfactory identification disorder is regarded as an early marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of similar diagnostic significance of biological or cognitive markers. Premature damage of the entorhinal olfactory cortex, the hippocampus and the orbitofrontal cortex characterize AD and suggest a...

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Main Authors: Payne, Magali, Manera, Valeria, Robert, Philippe, Vandersteen, Clair, Beauchet, Olivier, Galery, Kevin, Sacco, Guillaume, Fabre, Roxane, Gros, Auriane
Other Authors: Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine)
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: 2022
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Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10356/163098
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Institution: Nanyang Technological University
Language: English
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spelling sg-ntu-dr.10356-1630982023-03-05T16:52:01Z Olfactory identification disorders due to Alzheimer's disease: a new test from France to Quebec Payne, Magali Manera, Valeria Robert, Philippe Vandersteen, Clair Beauchet, Olivier Galery, Kevin Sacco, Guillaume Fabre, Roxane Gros, Auriane Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine) Science::Medicine Alzheimer Disease Smelling Disorder Olfactory identification disorder is regarded as an early marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of similar diagnostic significance of biological or cognitive markers. Premature damage of the entorhinal olfactory cortex, the hippocampus and the orbitofrontal cortex characterize AD and suggest a specific impairment of olfactory identification. The use of psychophysical olfactory identification tests in clinical diagnostic practice is therefore strongly recommended, but not required. As these widespread tests are rarely used, an innovative test, adapted to this target group has been developed. It has been used and validated in a routine care protocol at different Memory Centers in France and in Quebec, Canada. A total of 157 participants were recruited: including 63 Alzheimer's patients and 94 healthy controls. The test was composed of 14 odorants diluted into 4 different concentrations. A computer interface generated randomization of 6 odors per participant and the automatic calculation of identification scores, of perceptual thresholds and of composite scores. All participants underwent a Mini Mental Scale Examination within the previous three months or on the same day of the olfactory test. The Alzheimer's patients had a score between 20 and 30 and healthy controls participants had a score above 28 without any loss of points on recalled items. The results show that our olfactory identification test is able to significantly differentiate Alzheimer's patients from healthy controls (p < 0.001), and to distinguish the French population tested from the Quebec population (p < 0.001). This study highlights an olfactory identification disorder as a target for early diagnosis of AD. Its cultural qualities make it a potential candidate for differentiated calibration between France and Quebec. Published version 2022-11-21T06:13:37Z 2022-11-21T06:13:37Z 2022 Journal Article Payne, M., Manera, V., Robert, P., Vandersteen, C., Beauchet, O., Galery, K., Sacco, G., Fabre, R. & Gros, A. (2022). Olfactory identification disorders due to Alzheimer's disease: a new test from France to Quebec. PloS One, 17(4), e0265764-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265764 1932-6203 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/163098 10.1371/journal.pone.0265764 35377902 2-s2.0-85127529860 4 17 e0265764 en PloS one © 2022 Payne et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. application/pdf
institution Nanyang Technological University
building NTU Library
continent Asia
country Singapore
Singapore
content_provider NTU Library
collection DR-NTU
language English
topic Science::Medicine
Alzheimer Disease
Smelling Disorder
spellingShingle Science::Medicine
Alzheimer Disease
Smelling Disorder
Payne, Magali
Manera, Valeria
Robert, Philippe
Vandersteen, Clair
Beauchet, Olivier
Galery, Kevin
Sacco, Guillaume
Fabre, Roxane
Gros, Auriane
Olfactory identification disorders due to Alzheimer's disease: a new test from France to Quebec
description Olfactory identification disorder is regarded as an early marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of similar diagnostic significance of biological or cognitive markers. Premature damage of the entorhinal olfactory cortex, the hippocampus and the orbitofrontal cortex characterize AD and suggest a specific impairment of olfactory identification. The use of psychophysical olfactory identification tests in clinical diagnostic practice is therefore strongly recommended, but not required. As these widespread tests are rarely used, an innovative test, adapted to this target group has been developed. It has been used and validated in a routine care protocol at different Memory Centers in France and in Quebec, Canada. A total of 157 participants were recruited: including 63 Alzheimer's patients and 94 healthy controls. The test was composed of 14 odorants diluted into 4 different concentrations. A computer interface generated randomization of 6 odors per participant and the automatic calculation of identification scores, of perceptual thresholds and of composite scores. All participants underwent a Mini Mental Scale Examination within the previous three months or on the same day of the olfactory test. The Alzheimer's patients had a score between 20 and 30 and healthy controls participants had a score above 28 without any loss of points on recalled items. The results show that our olfactory identification test is able to significantly differentiate Alzheimer's patients from healthy controls (p < 0.001), and to distinguish the French population tested from the Quebec population (p < 0.001). This study highlights an olfactory identification disorder as a target for early diagnosis of AD. Its cultural qualities make it a potential candidate for differentiated calibration between France and Quebec.
author2 Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine)
author_facet Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine)
Payne, Magali
Manera, Valeria
Robert, Philippe
Vandersteen, Clair
Beauchet, Olivier
Galery, Kevin
Sacco, Guillaume
Fabre, Roxane
Gros, Auriane
format Article
author Payne, Magali
Manera, Valeria
Robert, Philippe
Vandersteen, Clair
Beauchet, Olivier
Galery, Kevin
Sacco, Guillaume
Fabre, Roxane
Gros, Auriane
author_sort Payne, Magali
title Olfactory identification disorders due to Alzheimer's disease: a new test from France to Quebec
title_short Olfactory identification disorders due to Alzheimer's disease: a new test from France to Quebec
title_full Olfactory identification disorders due to Alzheimer's disease: a new test from France to Quebec
title_fullStr Olfactory identification disorders due to Alzheimer's disease: a new test from France to Quebec
title_full_unstemmed Olfactory identification disorders due to Alzheimer's disease: a new test from France to Quebec
title_sort olfactory identification disorders due to alzheimer's disease: a new test from france to quebec
publishDate 2022
url https://hdl.handle.net/10356/163098
_version_ 1759856352526598144