试论新加坡方言文化的“复兴”迹象 ——以五大方言群体之推广活动为例 = Signs of “Resurgence" in Singapore's dialect culture: a case study on initiatives by the five main dialect groups

• Main Author: 庄伟 Chong, Wei
• Other Authors: Yeo Min Hui
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2023
• Subjects: Humanities::Language::Chinese
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/165084
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

新加坡是个多元种族、宗教、文化及语言的大熔炉，更是个年轻的国家。在建国迄今的57年里，新加坡政府除了致力打造一个和谐及具竞争力的社会之同时，也极度重视建立新加坡人的身份认同感。其中，新加坡政府将语言规划视为其重要的方针之一，而由于华族占据了新加坡总人口的三分之四，故此关于华族的语言规划极受重视。 其中，于1979年推出的“讲华语运动”无疑是个重要的里程碑。当时政府认为，新加坡缺乏进步，尤其是在华人社区中，主要是由于使用方言造成了一个不连贯和分裂的社会。故此，为试图禁止方言的使用，“讲华语运动”的号角由此开响。辗转数十载，方言在新加坡由此式微，经历了许久的 “打压”。可是，近年来方言似乎在新加坡又逐渐有了生机，似乎不再像之前一样，备受打压；今天华语方言无论是在草根或是在官方的层面上，都似乎出现了再生的现象。近期在新加坡出现了多种推广方言文化，甚至是探索和推广方言文化身份认同的活动，形成了与过去截然不同的有趣现象。 本文就将聚焦于新加坡公认的五大方言群体（潮州、福建、广东、客家、海南）的方言文化活动，以这些籍贯的宗乡会馆及组织等所举办的推广方言文化活动为研究对象，分析这些活动之属性、特征等各方面。由此试图从中整理出近期华语方言在新加坡重获生机、再度复兴的新现象，同时借此论析华语方言在新加坡的未来走向。 Singapore is a melting pot of diverse races, religions, cultures, and languages while also a young country. In the 57 years since the founding of the country, the Singapore government has not only been committed into building a harmonious and competitive society but has also emphasised great importance to build a sense of identity for Singaporeans. To achieve this, the Singapore government regards language planning as an important policy. As the Chinese account for four-thirds of the total population in Singapore, language planning for the Chinese is thus even more important. Among these policies, the "Speak Mandarin Campaign" launched in 1979 is undoubtedly an important milestone. Back then, the government believed that Singapore's lack of progress, especially among the Chinese community, was largely due to the use of dialects which created an incoherent and divided society. Therefore, to stop the use of dialects, the "Speak Mandarin Campaign" was implemented. And after dozens of years, dialects have indeed declined and experienced a long period of "suppression" in Singapore. However, in recent years, dialects seem to have gradually regained its vitality in Singapore as if it is no longer as suppressed as before. Today, Chinese dialects seem to be ratified, whether at grassroots or official level. Recently, there have been various activities in Singapore to promote dialect culture, and even explore and promote the identity of dialect culture, forming an interesting phenomenon that is completely different from the past. This article will focus on the dialect cultural activities of the five major dialect groups recognised in Singapore (Chaozhou, Fujian, Guangdong, Hakka, and Hainan), and by using these dialect culture activities organised by the clan associations and organisations as the research focus to analyse the attributes, characteristics, and other aspects of these activities. By doing so, establish this new phenomenon of Chinese dialects regaining vitality and rejuvenation in Singapore, and at the same time analyse the future trend of Chinese dialects in Singapore.