Moving to formality and openness? An analysis of China’s new two-tiered sanctions policy
For a long time, China has relied on an informal and covert approach to sanctions in its foreign relations. The past few years, however, have witnessed quite significant changes in Beijing’s sanctions policy, as most notably seen in the promulgation of various new domestic regulations and laws as we...
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sg-ntu-dr.10356-1659372023-04-16T15:41:49Z Moving to formality and openness? An analysis of China’s new two-tiered sanctions policy Xing, Jiaying Li, Mingjiang S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies Social sciences::Political science::International relations Chinese Sanctions US-China Relations Chinese Economic Statecraft China-West Relations Chinese Foreign Policy For a long time, China has relied on an informal and covert approach to sanctions in its foreign relations. The past few years, however, have witnessed quite significant changes in Beijing’s sanctions policy, as most notably seen in the promulgation of various new domestic regulations and laws as well as official announcements of tit-for-tat punitive measures against Western countries. Why did China so significantly change its sanctions policy? Has China’s approach to sanctions moved from informality to formality and from covertness to overtness? And given China’s growing zeal in protecting its overseas interests, what are the implications for China’s foreign policy? This article attempts to address these questions by analyzing China’s latest sanctions behavior. Our findings suggest that China’s move was motivated by not only external challenges, particularly sanction pressures from the United States, but also by China’s domestic political dynamics including the emphasis in Xi’s thoughts on international competition. In reality, China’s new sanctions policy and its broader application may be constrained by three factors: China’s rhetorical traps, potential market uncertainties, and insufficient asymmetric leverages. It is likely that Beijing may pursue a two-tiered sanctions policy, an explicit countersanctions regime against the U.S. and its allies on one hand and an old-style informal sanctions policy towards other countries on the other hand. Published version 2023-04-14T05:52:25Z 2023-04-14T05:52:25Z 2023 Journal Article Xing, J. & Li, M. (2023). Moving to formality and openness? An analysis of China’s new two-tiered sanctions policy. The China Review, 23(1), 337-406. 1680-2012 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/165937 https://www.jstor.org/stable/e48512735 1 23 337 406 en The China Review © 2023 The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press. All rights reserved. This paper was published in The China Review and is made available with permission of The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press. application/pdf |
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Social sciences::Political science::International relations Chinese Sanctions US-China Relations Chinese Economic Statecraft China-West Relations Chinese Foreign Policy Xing, Jiaying Li, Mingjiang Moving to formality and openness? An analysis of China’s new two-tiered sanctions policy |
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For a long time, China has relied on an informal and covert approach to sanctions in its foreign relations. The past few years, however, have witnessed quite significant changes in Beijing’s sanctions policy, as most notably seen in the promulgation of various new domestic regulations and laws as well as official announcements of tit-for-tat punitive measures against Western countries. Why did China so significantly change its sanctions policy? Has China’s approach to sanctions moved from informality to formality and from covertness to overtness? And given China’s growing zeal in protecting its overseas interests, what are the implications for China’s foreign policy? This article attempts to address these questions by analyzing China’s latest sanctions behavior. Our findings suggest that China’s move was motivated by not only external challenges, particularly sanction pressures from the United States, but also by China’s domestic political dynamics including the emphasis in Xi’s thoughts on international competition. In reality, China’s new sanctions policy and its broader application may be constrained by three factors: China’s rhetorical traps, potential market uncertainties, and insufficient asymmetric leverages. It is likely that Beijing may pursue a two-tiered sanctions policy, an explicit countersanctions regime against the U.S. and its allies on one hand and an old-style informal sanctions policy towards other countries on the other hand. |
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S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies |
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S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies Xing, Jiaying Li, Mingjiang |
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Article |
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Xing, Jiaying Li, Mingjiang |
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Xing, Jiaying |
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Moving to formality and openness? An analysis of China’s new two-tiered sanctions policy |
title_short |
Moving to formality and openness? An analysis of China’s new two-tiered sanctions policy |
title_full |
Moving to formality and openness? An analysis of China’s new two-tiered sanctions policy |
title_fullStr |
Moving to formality and openness? An analysis of China’s new two-tiered sanctions policy |
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Moving to formality and openness? An analysis of China’s new two-tiered sanctions policy |
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moving to formality and openness? an analysis of china’s new two-tiered sanctions policy |
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2023 |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10356/165937 https://www.jstor.org/stable/e48512735 |
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