Dynamic performance analysis and thermal modelling of a novel two-phase spray cooled rack system for data center cooling
Cooling systems in information technology (IT) equipment account for the greatest share of direct energy consumption in data centers. Conventional air-cooling schemes are thermally inefficient and energy intensive as they require large temperature difference between heat source and cooling medium. T...
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sg-ntu-dr.10356-1690682023-06-28T01:51:41Z Dynamic performance analysis and thermal modelling of a novel two-phase spray cooled rack system for data center cooling Liu, Pengfei Kandasamy, Ranjith Ho, Jin Yao Wong, Teck Neng Toh, Kok Chuan School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Engineering::Mechanical engineering Spray Cooled Rack Dynamic Study Cooling systems in information technology (IT) equipment account for the greatest share of direct energy consumption in data centers. Conventional air-cooling schemes are thermally inefficient and energy intensive as they require large temperature difference between heat source and cooling medium. To overcome the aforementioned drawbacks of air-cooling, a “chillerless” novel spraying architecture which has the capability of performing high heat flux cooling, is highly scalable and easily adaptable by modern data centers is proposed in this paper. To demonstrate the scalability and performance of this new cooling scheme, a full-scale spray cooled rack system which has the capacity of housing up to 12 server units is developed. The dynamic performance of the spray cooled rack system under variable ambient temperature is studied. It is found that the ambient temperature strongly affects the spray cooling performances and the chamber pressure stability. A grey box model of the system is established. The newly developed model has successfully predicted the temperature variation on both the water side and spray cooling side with reasonable accuracy. Our model sets the foundation for predictive control of the chamber pressure and workload management of the spray cooling scheme for application in large-scale data centers. National Research Foundation (NRF) This research is supported by National Research Foundation (NRF), Singapore, under its Green Data Centre Research Programme (NRF2015ENC-GDCR01001-010). 2023-06-28T01:51:41Z 2023-06-28T01:51:41Z 2023 Journal Article Liu, P., Kandasamy, R., Ho, J. Y., Wong, T. N. & Toh, K. C. (2023). Dynamic performance analysis and thermal modelling of a novel two-phase spray cooled rack system for data center cooling. Energy, 269, 126835-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.126835 0360-5442 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/169068 10.1016/j.energy.2023.126835 2-s2.0-85147808267 269 126835 en NRF2015ENC-GDCR01001-010 Energy © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Engineering::Mechanical engineering Spray Cooled Rack Dynamic Study Liu, Pengfei Kandasamy, Ranjith Ho, Jin Yao Wong, Teck Neng Toh, Kok Chuan Dynamic performance analysis and thermal modelling of a novel two-phase spray cooled rack system for data center cooling |
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Cooling systems in information technology (IT) equipment account for the greatest share of direct energy consumption in data centers. Conventional air-cooling schemes are thermally inefficient and energy intensive as they require large temperature difference between heat source and cooling medium. To overcome the aforementioned drawbacks of air-cooling, a “chillerless” novel spraying architecture which has the capability of performing high heat flux cooling, is highly scalable and easily adaptable by modern data centers is proposed in this paper. To demonstrate the scalability and performance of this new cooling scheme, a full-scale spray cooled rack system which has the capacity of housing up to 12 server units is developed. The dynamic performance of the spray cooled rack system under variable ambient temperature is studied. It is found that the ambient temperature strongly affects the spray cooling performances and the chamber pressure stability. A grey box model of the system is established. The newly developed model has successfully predicted the temperature variation on both the water side and spray cooling side with reasonable accuracy. Our model sets the foundation for predictive control of the chamber pressure and workload management of the spray cooling scheme for application in large-scale data centers. |
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School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering |
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School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Liu, Pengfei Kandasamy, Ranjith Ho, Jin Yao Wong, Teck Neng Toh, Kok Chuan |
format |
Article |
author |
Liu, Pengfei Kandasamy, Ranjith Ho, Jin Yao Wong, Teck Neng Toh, Kok Chuan |
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Liu, Pengfei |
title |
Dynamic performance analysis and thermal modelling of a novel two-phase spray cooled rack system for data center cooling |
title_short |
Dynamic performance analysis and thermal modelling of a novel two-phase spray cooled rack system for data center cooling |
title_full |
Dynamic performance analysis and thermal modelling of a novel two-phase spray cooled rack system for data center cooling |
title_fullStr |
Dynamic performance analysis and thermal modelling of a novel two-phase spray cooled rack system for data center cooling |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dynamic performance analysis and thermal modelling of a novel two-phase spray cooled rack system for data center cooling |
title_sort |
dynamic performance analysis and thermal modelling of a novel two-phase spray cooled rack system for data center cooling |
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2023 |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10356/169068 |
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