The determinants of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across countries
We identify 21 predetermined country-level factors that explain marked variations in weekly COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across 91 countries between January and the end of 2020. Besides factors commonly associated with infectious diseases (e.g., population and tourism activities), we discover a...
Saved in:
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/171214 |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
Institution: | Nanyang Technological University |
Language: | English |
id |
sg-ntu-dr.10356-171214 |
---|---|
record_format |
dspace |
spelling |
sg-ntu-dr.10356-1712142023-10-26T15:35:50Z The determinants of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across countries Chang, Dianna Chang, Xin He, Yu Tan, Kelvin Jui Keng Nanyang Business School Social sciences::Geography COVID-19 Morbidity We identify 21 predetermined country-level factors that explain marked variations in weekly COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across 91 countries between January and the end of 2020. Besides factors commonly associated with infectious diseases (e.g., population and tourism activities), we discover a list of country characteristics that shape COVID-19 outcomes. Among demographic-geographic factors, the male-to-female ratio, population density, and urbanization aggravate the severity of COVID-19, while education, temperature, and religious diversity mitigate the impact of the pandemic on morbidity and mortality. For the political-legal dimension, democracy and political corruption are aggravating factors. In contrast, female leadership, the strength of legal systems, and public trust in government significantly reduce infections and deaths. In terms of socio-economic aspects, GDP per capita, income inequality, and happiness (i.e., life satisfaction) lead to worse COVID-19 outcomes. Interestingly, technology advancement increases morbidity but reduces mortality. For healthcare factors, SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) experience and healthcare infrastructure help countries perform better in combating the pandemic. Ministry of Education (MOE) Published version We acknowledge fnancial support from the Ministry of Education (Singapore) (RG158/17 and RT01/19), the Ministry of Education (China) (18YJAZH004), the National Science Foundation of China (72072067 and 72132010), the 111 Project (B20094), Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program (BJJWZYJH01201910034034). 2023-10-20T01:55:10Z 2023-10-20T01:55:10Z 2022 Journal Article Chang, D., Chang, X., He, Y. & Tan, K. J. K. (2022). The determinants of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across countries. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 5888-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09783-9 2045-2322 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/171214 10.1038/s41598-022-09783-9 35393471 2-s2.0-85128226540 1 12 5888 en RG158/17 RT01/19 Scientific Reports © 2022 The Author(s). This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. application/pdf |
institution |
Nanyang Technological University |
building |
NTU Library |
continent |
Asia |
country |
Singapore Singapore |
content_provider |
NTU Library |
collection |
DR-NTU |
language |
English |
topic |
Social sciences::Geography COVID-19 Morbidity |
spellingShingle |
Social sciences::Geography COVID-19 Morbidity Chang, Dianna Chang, Xin He, Yu Tan, Kelvin Jui Keng The determinants of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across countries |
description |
We identify 21 predetermined country-level factors that explain marked variations in weekly COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across 91 countries between January and the end of 2020. Besides factors commonly associated with infectious diseases (e.g., population and tourism activities), we discover a list of country characteristics that shape COVID-19 outcomes. Among demographic-geographic factors, the male-to-female ratio, population density, and urbanization aggravate the severity of COVID-19, while education, temperature, and religious diversity mitigate the impact of the pandemic on morbidity and mortality. For the political-legal dimension, democracy and political corruption are aggravating factors. In contrast, female leadership, the strength of legal systems, and public trust in government significantly reduce infections and deaths. In terms of socio-economic aspects, GDP per capita, income inequality, and happiness (i.e., life satisfaction) lead to worse COVID-19 outcomes. Interestingly, technology advancement increases morbidity but reduces mortality. For healthcare factors, SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) experience and healthcare infrastructure help countries perform better in combating the pandemic. |
author2 |
Nanyang Business School |
author_facet |
Nanyang Business School Chang, Dianna Chang, Xin He, Yu Tan, Kelvin Jui Keng |
format |
Article |
author |
Chang, Dianna Chang, Xin He, Yu Tan, Kelvin Jui Keng |
author_sort |
Chang, Dianna |
title |
The determinants of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across countries |
title_short |
The determinants of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across countries |
title_full |
The determinants of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across countries |
title_fullStr |
The determinants of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across countries |
title_full_unstemmed |
The determinants of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across countries |
title_sort |
determinants of covid-19 morbidity and mortality across countries |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10356/171214 |
_version_ |
1781793906234490880 |