Glacial isostatic adjustment modelling of the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand of Singapore and Southeast Asia
The mid-Holocene sea-level highstand refers to higher-than-present relative sea levels (RSLs) in far-field regions between 7000 and 4000 years ago because of equatorial ocean syphoning and continental levering. But the timing, magnitude, and spatial variability of the highstand are uncertain and the...
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sg-ntu-dr.10356-1734542024-02-06T07:13:23Z Glacial isostatic adjustment modelling of the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand of Singapore and Southeast Asia Li, Tanghua Chua, Stephen Tan, Fangyi Khan, Nicole S. Shaw, Timothy Adam Majewski, Jedrzej Meltzner, Aron J. Switzer, Adam D. Wu, Patrick Horton, Benjamin Peter Asian School of the Environment Earth Observatory of Singapore Earth and Environmental Sciences Earth Models Holocene Sea Level The mid-Holocene sea-level highstand refers to higher-than-present relative sea levels (RSLs) in far-field regions between 7000 and 4000 years ago because of equatorial ocean syphoning and continental levering. But the timing, magnitude, and spatial variability of the highstand are uncertain and the highstand parameterization in Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) modelling is understudied. Here, we use the RSL records of Southeast Asia to investigate the sensitivity of the mid-Holocene highstand properties to Earth and ice model parameters, including lithospheric thickness, mantle viscosity (both 1D and 3D), and deglaciation history of Antarctica and global ice sheets. We found that the Earth model variation only affects the magnitude of the mid-Holocene highstand unless extraordinary low upper mantle viscosity is used. The timing of the highstand moves towards present and there is an absence of the highstand if upper mantle viscosity is < 4.0 × 1019 Pa s or ≤ 1.0 × 1019 Pa s, respectively. Ice model variation changes both the timing and magnitude of the mid-Holocene highstand. Delaying the ice-equivalent sea level will shift the timing of the highstand later and result in a lower highstand magnitude. We produced a mid-Holocene highstand “treasure map” that considers topography change and accommodation space to guide future RSL data collection efforts in Southeast Asia. The highstand “treasure map” indicates that the northeast and central west coast of Malay-Thai Peninsula, east coast of Sumatra, north coast of Java, and southwest coast of Borneo are very likely (90% probability) to preserve mid-Holocene highstand evidence. Ministry of Education (MOE) National Environmental Agency (NEA) National Research Foundation (NRF) Published version TL, SC, TAS, AJM and BPH are supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund MOE2019-T3-1-004 and MOE-T2EP50120-0007, the National Research Foundation Singapore, and the Singapore Ministry of Education, under the Research Centers of Excellence initiative. AJM is also supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF) Singapore under its NRF Fellowship scheme (Award Number NRF-NRFF11-2019-0008). This research is also supported by the National Research Foundation, Singapore, and National Environment Agency, Singapore under the National Sea Level Programme Funding Initiative (award No. USS-IF2020-1). 2024-02-05T05:45:35Z 2024-02-05T05:45:35Z 2023 Journal Article Li, T., Chua, S., Tan, F., Khan, N. S., Shaw, T. A., Majewski, J., Meltzner, A. J., Switzer, A. D., Wu, P. & Horton, B. P. (2023). Glacial isostatic adjustment modelling of the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand of Singapore and Southeast Asia. Quaternary Science Reviews, 319, 108332-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108332 0277-3791 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/173454 10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108332 2-s2.0-85172449327 319 108332 en MOE2019-T3-1-004 MOE-T2EP50120-0007 NRF-NRFF11-2019-0008 USS-IF2020-1 Quaternary Science Reviews © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/). application/pdf |
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Earth and Environmental Sciences Earth Models Holocene Sea Level Li, Tanghua Chua, Stephen Tan, Fangyi Khan, Nicole S. Shaw, Timothy Adam Majewski, Jedrzej Meltzner, Aron J. Switzer, Adam D. Wu, Patrick Horton, Benjamin Peter Glacial isostatic adjustment modelling of the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand of Singapore and Southeast Asia |
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The mid-Holocene sea-level highstand refers to higher-than-present relative sea levels (RSLs) in far-field regions between 7000 and 4000 years ago because of equatorial ocean syphoning and continental levering. But the timing, magnitude, and spatial variability of the highstand are uncertain and the highstand parameterization in Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) modelling is understudied. Here, we use the RSL records of Southeast Asia to investigate the sensitivity of the mid-Holocene highstand properties to Earth and ice model parameters, including lithospheric thickness, mantle viscosity (both 1D and 3D), and deglaciation history of Antarctica and global ice sheets. We found that the Earth model variation only affects the magnitude of the mid-Holocene highstand unless extraordinary low upper mantle viscosity is used. The timing of the highstand moves towards present and there is an absence of the highstand if upper mantle viscosity is < 4.0 × 1019 Pa s or ≤ 1.0 × 1019 Pa s, respectively. Ice model variation changes both the timing and magnitude of the mid-Holocene highstand. Delaying the ice-equivalent sea level will shift the timing of the highstand later and result in a lower highstand magnitude. We produced a mid-Holocene highstand “treasure map” that considers topography change and accommodation space to guide future RSL data collection efforts in Southeast Asia. The highstand “treasure map” indicates that the northeast and central west coast of Malay-Thai Peninsula, east coast of Sumatra, north coast of Java, and southwest coast of Borneo are very likely (90% probability) to preserve mid-Holocene highstand evidence. |
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Asian School of the Environment |
author_facet |
Asian School of the Environment Li, Tanghua Chua, Stephen Tan, Fangyi Khan, Nicole S. Shaw, Timothy Adam Majewski, Jedrzej Meltzner, Aron J. Switzer, Adam D. Wu, Patrick Horton, Benjamin Peter |
format |
Article |
author |
Li, Tanghua Chua, Stephen Tan, Fangyi Khan, Nicole S. Shaw, Timothy Adam Majewski, Jedrzej Meltzner, Aron J. Switzer, Adam D. Wu, Patrick Horton, Benjamin Peter |
author_sort |
Li, Tanghua |
title |
Glacial isostatic adjustment modelling of the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand of Singapore and Southeast Asia |
title_short |
Glacial isostatic adjustment modelling of the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand of Singapore and Southeast Asia |
title_full |
Glacial isostatic adjustment modelling of the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand of Singapore and Southeast Asia |
title_fullStr |
Glacial isostatic adjustment modelling of the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand of Singapore and Southeast Asia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Glacial isostatic adjustment modelling of the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand of Singapore and Southeast Asia |
title_sort |
glacial isostatic adjustment modelling of the mid-holocene sea-level highstand of singapore and southeast asia |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10356/173454 |
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1794549395139592192 |