自觉之影响力——从余英时《士与中国文化》论儒学与政治之关系 = The impact of self-awakening: an analysis of the relationship between Confucianism and politics through the reading of Yu Ying-shih's "Shi and Chinese Culture"

• Main Author: 黄琬霖 Ng, Coreen Wan Lin
• Other Authors: Chang Yuan
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2024
• Subjects: Arts and Humanities; Yu Ying-shih; Self-awakening; Confucianism; Politics
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/174129
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

自儒学的诞生，它便与政治有了不解之缘。儒学自始至终的目的皆在于整顿政治社会秩序，故儒者或儒士常将其目光投射于此。而在实践的过程中，“士”所直接面对的乃是持有统治权的君王。因此，世人对于儒学与政治的关系常以后者影响前者为结论。然而，余英时在《士与中国文化》这本书中隐约地指出统治者对儒士及其思想的态度所产生的最终决定并不是左右儒学在政治上影响的唯一因素。余英时认为“士”的自觉与之后所产生的思想实际上也是会牵动儒学在政治上的影响的。因此，本文将以余英时的《士与中国文化》此书为主要的研究对象，将关注点放在“士”的自觉并以其为切入点去探讨儒学与政治的关系。 The emergence of Confucianism marked the beginning of an inseparable connection between Confucianism and politics. From the very beginning, the motive of Confucianism has always been to rectify and create an ideal political and social order. Hence, Confucian scholars or “shi” (scholar-official) often pay attention to this aspect of society. While putting their ideology into practice, it is inevitable for these groups of scholars to avoid the ruling class as they are the ones with power. Hence, it is a common misconception for others to assume that politics often influences the impact of Confucianism ideology on itself. However, Yu Ying-shih’s book titled “Shi and Chinese Culture” implicitly states that the rulers' attitude towards Confucian "shi" which ultimately affects his final decision is not the sole factor in influencing the practical application of Confucian ideology in politics. Yu Ying-shih believes that the self-awakening or self-awareness of "shi" will also affect the influence of Confucianism on politics. Therefore, this paper will primarily focus on Yu Ying-shih’s “Shi and Chinese Culture” as the main research object to explore the relationship between Confucianism and politics by paying special attention to the self-awakening of "shi".