Insights for restoration: reconstructing the drivers of long-term local fire events and vegetation turnover of a tropical peatland in Central Kalimantan
Fire events in tropical peatlands often relate to dry peat conditions associated with climate variability (drought) and anthropogenic-driven ecosystem degradation. However, drought is not the only driver of long-term fire events and peatland ecosystem changes. This study used palaeoecological and ge...
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2024
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Earth and Environmental Sciences Palaeoecology Geochemical Ramdzan, Khairun Nisha Mohamed Moss, Patrick T. Jacobsen, Geraldine Gallego-Sala, Angela Charman, Dan Harrison, Mark E. Page, Susan Mishra, Shailendra Wardle, David A. Jaya, Adi Aswandi Nasir, Darmae Yulianti, Nina Insights for restoration: reconstructing the drivers of long-term local fire events and vegetation turnover of a tropical peatland in Central Kalimantan |
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Fire events in tropical peatlands often relate to dry peat conditions associated with climate variability (drought) and anthropogenic-driven ecosystem degradation. However, drought is not the only driver of long-term fire events and peatland ecosystem changes. This study used palaeoecological and geochemical proxies to investigate the long-term drivers of charcoal influx to identify local fires and examine the associated responses to the tropical peatland ecosystem in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The results showed local fire events increased after 756 cal. yr BP, and possible drivers of charcoal influx include changes in sea level, increased frequency of El Niño events, increased biomass, and anthropogenically-driven ecosystem degradation. However, the vegetation composition showed changes since ∼2300 cal. yr BP from a mix of peat swamp forest (PSF) and open vegetation (OV) during the late Holocene (∼2300 to 1129 cal. yr BP), to predominantly PSF from 1128 to 375 cal. yr BP, dry lowland mixed with swamp forest (LMS) and open vegetation (OV) from 374 to 135 cal. yr BP, and predominantly OV and freshwater swamp forest (FSF) from 134 to −62 cal. yr BP. The possible drivers of the vegetation turnover were hydrological conditions and the availability of peat nutrients, while the vegetation turnover affected the accumulation and decomposition of recalcitrant organic matter in peat. The thresholds of the peatland ecosystems over longer-term timeframes provided the following restoration insights: 1) PSF species (i.e. Eurya and Ilex) showed high fire tolerance and increased in abundance up to charcoal influx threshold of ∼23 grains mm−2 cm−3 yr−1 while LMS and OV species increased up to a lower threshold of ∼13 grains mm−2 cm−3 yr−1before declining; 2) PSF species expanded during periods of wet conditions and high peat nutrients (i.e. TN - enriched); and 3) Future revegetation in the region can focus on tree taxa such as Euphorbiaceae, Arenga, Ficus, and Trema as they were historically able to thrive in fire events and dry hydrological conditions. |
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Asian School of the Environment |
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Asian School of the Environment Ramdzan, Khairun Nisha Mohamed Moss, Patrick T. Jacobsen, Geraldine Gallego-Sala, Angela Charman, Dan Harrison, Mark E. Page, Susan Mishra, Shailendra Wardle, David A. Jaya, Adi Aswandi Nasir, Darmae Yulianti, Nina |
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Article |
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Ramdzan, Khairun Nisha Mohamed Moss, Patrick T. Jacobsen, Geraldine Gallego-Sala, Angela Charman, Dan Harrison, Mark E. Page, Susan Mishra, Shailendra Wardle, David A. Jaya, Adi Aswandi Nasir, Darmae Yulianti, Nina |
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Ramdzan, Khairun Nisha Mohamed |
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Insights for restoration: reconstructing the drivers of long-term local fire events and vegetation turnover of a tropical peatland in Central Kalimantan |
title_short |
Insights for restoration: reconstructing the drivers of long-term local fire events and vegetation turnover of a tropical peatland in Central Kalimantan |
title_full |
Insights for restoration: reconstructing the drivers of long-term local fire events and vegetation turnover of a tropical peatland in Central Kalimantan |
title_fullStr |
Insights for restoration: reconstructing the drivers of long-term local fire events and vegetation turnover of a tropical peatland in Central Kalimantan |
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Insights for restoration: reconstructing the drivers of long-term local fire events and vegetation turnover of a tropical peatland in Central Kalimantan |
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insights for restoration: reconstructing the drivers of long-term local fire events and vegetation turnover of a tropical peatland in central kalimantan |
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2024 |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10356/174136 |
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sg-ntu-dr.10356-1741362024-03-18T15:30:49Z Insights for restoration: reconstructing the drivers of long-term local fire events and vegetation turnover of a tropical peatland in Central Kalimantan Ramdzan, Khairun Nisha Mohamed Moss, Patrick T. Jacobsen, Geraldine Gallego-Sala, Angela Charman, Dan Harrison, Mark E. Page, Susan Mishra, Shailendra Wardle, David A. Jaya, Adi Aswandi Nasir, Darmae Yulianti, Nina Asian School of the Environment Earth and Environmental Sciences Palaeoecology Geochemical Fire events in tropical peatlands often relate to dry peat conditions associated with climate variability (drought) and anthropogenic-driven ecosystem degradation. However, drought is not the only driver of long-term fire events and peatland ecosystem changes. This study used palaeoecological and geochemical proxies to investigate the long-term drivers of charcoal influx to identify local fires and examine the associated responses to the tropical peatland ecosystem in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The results showed local fire events increased after 756 cal. yr BP, and possible drivers of charcoal influx include changes in sea level, increased frequency of El Niño events, increased biomass, and anthropogenically-driven ecosystem degradation. However, the vegetation composition showed changes since ∼2300 cal. yr BP from a mix of peat swamp forest (PSF) and open vegetation (OV) during the late Holocene (∼2300 to 1129 cal. yr BP), to predominantly PSF from 1128 to 375 cal. yr BP, dry lowland mixed with swamp forest (LMS) and open vegetation (OV) from 374 to 135 cal. yr BP, and predominantly OV and freshwater swamp forest (FSF) from 134 to −62 cal. yr BP. The possible drivers of the vegetation turnover were hydrological conditions and the availability of peat nutrients, while the vegetation turnover affected the accumulation and decomposition of recalcitrant organic matter in peat. The thresholds of the peatland ecosystems over longer-term timeframes provided the following restoration insights: 1) PSF species (i.e. Eurya and Ilex) showed high fire tolerance and increased in abundance up to charcoal influx threshold of ∼23 grains mm−2 cm−3 yr−1 while LMS and OV species increased up to a lower threshold of ∼13 grains mm−2 cm−3 yr−1before declining; 2) PSF species expanded during periods of wet conditions and high peat nutrients (i.e. TN - enriched); and 3) Future revegetation in the region can focus on tree taxa such as Euphorbiaceae, Arenga, Ficus, and Trema as they were historically able to thrive in fire events and dry hydrological conditions. Nanyang Technological University Published version KNMR acknowledges the financial support for the Centre for Accelerator Science at ANSTO through the Australian National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS), AINSE (Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering) Residential Research Scholarship Award and the University of Queensland. DJC and AGS acknowledge funding from the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC standard grant number NE/I012915/1) and AGS acknowledges the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 865403). This work reflects only the authors’ view, and the European Commission/ Agency is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. DAW and SM acknowledge the Start-up grant (SUG) at NTU, Singapore. SM, DAW, A, AJ, are also supported by the cooperation of Universitas Jambi and the Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency (RISTEK-BRIN) (T/9/ UN21.08/PK.02.01/2019). 2024-03-18T01:07:10Z 2024-03-18T01:07:10Z 2023 Journal Article Ramdzan, K. N. M., Moss, P. T., Jacobsen, G., Gallego-Sala, A., Charman, D., Harrison, M. E., Page, S., Mishra, S., Wardle, D. A., Jaya, A., Aswandi, Nasir, D. & Yulianti, N. (2023). Insights for restoration: reconstructing the drivers of long-term local fire events and vegetation turnover of a tropical peatland in Central Kalimantan. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 628, 111772-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111772 0031-0182 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/174136 10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111772 2-s2.0-85168583452 628 111772 en Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology © 2023 Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). application/pdf |