Detecting short-term volcanic pre-eruption anomalies
Multi-sensor Remote Sensing can be employed to image and monitor volcanic processes in South-East Asia (SEA). In Indonesia and the Philippines alone, it is estimated to have more than 75% of the global volcanic threat. To further delve into these hazards, this study uses the Japanese Aerospace an...
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| Format: | Final Year Project |
| Language: | English |
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Nanyang Technological University
2024
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/174817 |
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| Institution: | Nanyang Technological University |
| Language: | English |
| Summary: | Multi-sensor Remote Sensing can be employed to image and monitor volcanic processes
in South-East Asia (SEA). In Indonesia and the Philippines alone, it is estimated to have more
than 75% of the global volcanic threat. To further delve into these hazards, this study uses the
Japanese Aerospace and Exploration Agency’s (JAXA) Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI)
onboard the Himawari-8 satellite and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s
(NASA) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) onboard the Terra satellite to
develop short-term imaging and monitoring of potential anomalous volcanic thermal outputs
prior to an eruption in the SEA region. The satellites’ raw data from the thermal infrared bands
are subjected to different methods of data analysis such as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test,
land surface temperature algorithms, time series analyses, and exploration of the relationship
between Brightness Temperature (BT) and the elevation of a volcano. The time series analysis
of the raw data showed signs of an increase prior to Sinabung’s 2019 eruption compared to
other methods of analysis. The raw data, which lack a cloud cover mask, and the potential
saturation temperature restricting data acquisition, are potential sources of limitations and
uncertainties that can be reduced with further data processing. The findings from this research
have the potential to significantly enhance the forecasting capabilities of volcanic processes in
the SEA region, playing a vital role in hazard risk mitigation and improving disaster response
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