Leakage-free leapfrog ADI-FDTD method for lossy media

• Main Authors: Liu, Shuo, Tan, Eng Leong
• Other Authors: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2024
• Subjects: Engineering; Finite-difference time-domain method; Unconditionally stable method; Alternating direction implicit; Complying-divergence implicit; Leapfrog scheme
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/178485
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

The leapfrog alternating direction implicit finitedifference time-domain (ADI-FDTD) method, as an effective implementation of ADI-FDTD, has garnered widespread attention and extension. However, it has been found that the commonly used leapfrog ADI-FDTD method for lossy media exhibits field leakage whereby non-zero electromagnetic fields could leak through structures that should be non-penetrable, such as perfect electrical conductor (PEC) structures. This numerical flaw limits the broader application of the leapfrog ADI-FDTD method. To address this issue, this paper introduces a leapfrog ADI-FDTD method for lossy media free from field leakage. The method is derived from the unified ADI-FDTD formulation employing the fundamental scheme with matrix-operator-free right-hand sides. Numerical results demonstrate that the method is not only immune to field leakage issue but also yielding higher accuracy when modeling lossy media. Furthermore, due to the utilization of the fundamental scheme, it requires less computational operations compared to the conventional leapfrog ADI-FDTD method for lossy media.