Investigating the differences in social tolerance between grade 4 species, celebes crested macaque (Macaca Nigra) and grade 3 species, liontail macaque (Macaca Silenus) in captivity

• Main Author: Dina Kharismawati
• Other Authors: Michael David Gumert
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: English
• Published: 2010
• Subjects: DRNTU::Science::Biological sciences::Zoology
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/38768
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

Macaque is the most successfully spread non-human primates in the world with a broad range of characteristic variety between and within species. Previous study by Thierry has proposed a scaling model for macaques by grouping the macaques into four different grades based on the pattern of aggression and reconciliation. We propose that the scale could be used to predict differences of social behavior expression in other behaviors that require close proximity and contact such as huddling and grooming. We found that crested macaque stayed in close proximity significantly longer than liontail. Crested macaques also engaged in grooming, huddling, and aggression per bout significantly longer than their grade 3 counterparts, the liontail macaques. Both species did not differ significantly in mating, playing, reconciliation, lip smacking, and silent bare teeth, although crested macaque consistently exhibited higher means in all behaviors.