学术正统性競爭 ：王阳明道统观研究 = The competition for academic orthodoxy : a study on Wang Yang Ming's view of "Tao T’ung"

• Main Author: 陆汇颖 Lek, Hui Ying
• Other Authors: Ngoi Guat Peng
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: 2012
• Subjects: DRNTU::Humanities::Philosophy::Chinese
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/48245
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

明代科举和教育制度，均采取程朱理学的经典为标准，使程朱理学提升到官学的地位，赋予程朱理学儒家学术正统性。而在论及儒家学术正统时性，儒者往往通过“道统”论来表述他们所认为的儒学正脉。儒家“道统”观是通过梳理古圣王或圣人之道的传承谱系藉此树立学派的学术正统性。朱熹作为道统论的正式创立者，其道统论也成为官方意识的一部分。王阳明在明代中叶的特殊语境下，针对程朱理学的弊病，创立了“知行合一”和“致良知”说，使程朱理学的系统变色，也冲击着冲朱理学作为官学的地位，大致王阳明的学说，受到许多程朱理学的拥护者的强烈批评和指责。 因此本文将以《朱子晚年定论》、《象山文集序》和《传习录》为主要文本，从王阳明对圣学、圣人和经典的态度，探讨王阳明如何建立起自己的道统论来与官学竞争并争取学术正统性。The Ming dynasty subscription to the Cheng Chu interpretations of Confucian classics as the only standard for the Imperial examination and education system, had not only elevated the Cheng Chu Tao School to the state official school, but also established its claim to academic orthodoxy. The debate on academic orthodoxy is usually linked to the Tao T’ung theory, which Confucians list out a genealogy of ancient saints to express their ideology of the ancient teachings and Tao. Being the official founder of the theory, Chu Hsi’s Tao T’ung views had also become part of the official system and accepted by many Confucians in Ming Dynasty. Under Ming’s academic context, Wang Yang Ming had established a new set of teachings based on the Cheng Chu Dao School teachings’ flaws, endangering its status as the state official school. Inevitably, Wang Yang Ming’s teachings had been criticized by the Cheng Zhu Dao School’s defenders as heresy. Therefore, this thesis is a study on how Wang Yang Ming established his Tao T’ung views in order to compete with the official Cheng Zhu Dao School for academic orthodoxy.