新加坡佛教与道教混杂现象研究 ：以乩童的降神仪式作为田野个案 = A study of Buddhism and Taoism mixed phenomenon in Singapore : observation from Séances

• Main Author: 曾庆庭 Ching, Qing Ting
• Other Authors: Ngoi Guat Peng
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: 2012
• Subjects: DRNTU::Humanities
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/48279
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

新加坡华族宗教信仰的形式拥有一个非常特殊的现象，既拥有佛教和道教混杂的现象，而且所侍奉的神也出现了佛道交叉的情况。新加坡华人内部又是多元方言的华族社群，因此道教和民间宗教互相影响，形成了二者之间严重的复杂性。这也就是引起我对这方面的研究产生兴趣的原因，甚至进而成为驱使我对它进行各方面研究的原动力。 新加坡佛道混杂的现象之一是乩童的角色以及乩童的降神仪式。乩童的角色可说是多元的，它既是一个能够与死者沟通的媒介，也是一个能为人们祈福或是人们消灾避难的道路。到底乩童是不是原始于道教，还是属于一种民间信仰？在某些乩童降神的仪式上，所降临的神却是佛教信徒中所信仰的佛祖，导致了佛道神明相互交叉的现象，产生新加坡华族宗教信仰之复杂性。 限于篇幅上的约束和时间上的限制，本文无法做到全方面的分析和深层面的考察。There is a unique phenomenon in Singapore's ethnic Chinese‘s religious beliefs – not only is Buddhism and Taoism mixed, the gods worshipped are of mixed origins and qualities as well. The Chinese in Singapore is a multi-dialect community. Hence, Taoism and folk religions influence each other to the extent that they can no longer be differentiated. This is what aroused my interest for research in this area, and has propelled me to research all it aspects. One way in which such a phenomena is manifested is related to the "jitong" (best translated as medium or shaman) – his role and the ritual he performs. The role of the "jitong" can be said to be diverse, as he is both a medium of communication with the deceased, and someone who can help pray for fortune or to ward off misfortune. Ultimately, did the "jitong" originate from Taoism, or does it belong to a folk belief? In some of the Séances, the god called upon is the Buddha, leading to the phenomena in which Buddhism is appropriated in Singapore, resulting in the complexity of the religious beliefs of ethnic Chinese in Singapore. Due to constraints in time and length of this paper, this paper is unable cover all aspects of analysis in depth.