Diffuse optics based measurement of blood perfusion on foot angiosomes.

• Main Author: Nur Afiqah Abdul Rahman Adil.
• Other Authors: Lee Kijoon
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: English
• Published: 2013
• Subjects: DRNTU::Engineering::Bioengineering
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/54680
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

The bio-optics technology has advanced to probe deeper into the human tissue to obtain dynamic information for blood flow. A revolutionary new system comprising of the existing diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) and laser spectral contrast imaging (LSCI) was adopted and hybridize to form the diffuse speckle contrast analysis (DSCA) system to effectively analyse relative blood flow (rBF). The aim of this clinical study is to obtain rBF information via blood flow index (BFI), on foot angiosomes, a method to assess different arteries on the foot sole in segments. Thus, clinical study on 21 healthy subjects was done to evaluate the validity of the DSCA system via characteristics of BFI at baseline, reactive hyperemia and depth of tissue penetration. Furthering into characteristics of BFI, a demographic study on two different ethnicity and gender was done. Analytical tools such as ANOVA and Paired-t tests were use to support claims in theory and measurement. DSCA has shown different levels of BFI and reactive hyperaemia in different source-detector separations. It was seen across five subjects (n=5) that the BFI was relatively similar at source-detector separations of 2.0cm and 2.5cm. It was found out much later that the optimal distance for deep tissue penetration on foot for effective BFI measurement was at 1.5cm. A decision to proceed in the study by using 2.0cm as source-detector separation distance was then done. Eighteen (n=18) individual measurements were used for analysis study. Across the eighteen individuals, BFI baseline was distinctive between 9 to14 and contrast (baseline/minimum) was about 71% to 75% drop upon occlusion across all angiosomes. To evaluate more on this study, a demographic study base on BMI, gender and ethnicity was done. For BMI studies, a slightly higher BFI was notice in higher BMI individuals. The difference across gender was that males(n=4) had a slightly higher BFI than females(n=14), which could have been due to a relatively higher BMI. Finally, a study across two ethnic races, Malays and Chinese (both n=10), showed the Chinese population had a significantly higher BFI than the Malay population. In conclusion, the DSCA has proven to be a useful diagnostic tool for blood monitoring in real-time.