Using notational analysis to determine the effects of rule changes in 2013 in water polo on performance demands

• Main Author: Chen, Simin
• Other Authors: Dr Veni Kong
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: English
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: Science::General
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/63129
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

To promote more dynamic movements in water polo, the 2013 rule changes by the Fédération Internationale de Natation will likely affect the proceedings of the game. This study aims to determine if the intents of the rule changes are met by comparing the differences in match characteristics, and subsequent implications on coaching strategies. Notational analysis with relevant location-based analysis was performed on 16 international matches played by the Singapore men’s team; eight before and after the rule changes. Statistical significance, set at p < 0.05, was tested using either the dependent samples t-test or the Wilcoxcon signed rank test. In the new rules, there was an increased number of passes per offence, exclusion fouls, especially in the center, ordinary fouls in both 2m areas, and static time, and decreased number of players held down or impeded, especially in the left, right, 5m, and both 5m and beyond areas, shots from the 2m area, and ordinary fouls in the 5m and beyond area. The increase in number of exclusions could have created more static situations as reflected in the increased static time, but could have also produced more explosive speed during man up situations. More exclusions in the center suggests a tactical strategy directed to obtain the exclusion of the center forward or back. Increased number of passes before a shot was taken and players driving towards the goal posts reflects a more dynamic play. Coaches can then use these information to better strategise training programs and match tactics accordingly.