Investigation of power and transportation networks for future connection of electric vehicles (EV)

• Main Author: Soh, Desmond Junhao
• Other Authors: Wang Peng
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: English
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: DRNTU::Engineering::Electrical and electronic engineering::Electric power
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/64144
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

Transportation is one of the main sources of air pollution in Singapore. In Singapore, there are an estimated of 950K vehicles, what these vehicles have in common are, they are mainly conventional gas-driven vehicles (GDV) which run on fossil fuels (eg. Petrol, diesel). The burning of these fuels emits greenhouse gases, including methane, ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, and, most important, CO2. CO2 are the main causes of global warming, it lets light energy from the sun in but doesn’t let all of the heat energy out which in turns let causes the average temperature on Earth to raise. Hybrid vehicles which combine an internal combustion engine and one or more electric motors to power up the vehicle, has lower emission of CO2 and more fuel efficient than normal GDV. As it is still powered by fossil fuels and emits CO2, it is therefore not a long-term solution. Electric vehicles (EV) which are propelled by electric motor (or motors) powered by rechargeable battery packs will gradually replace GDVs in the future. EVs have several advantages over GDVs, EVs emits no tailpipe pollutants and they can be charged by renewable energy systems such as Photovoltaic (PV) system, and they are more energy efficient and require less maintenance. Singapore government has decided to set aside a sum of $20 million for the trial that will put the first Electric Vehicles (EVs) on the road in the future. However, the high penetration of EVs in transportation network and the EV charging/ discharging stations in power system will significantly affect transportation flow and power system load. The objectives of this project are to investigate major 66kV substation and transmission network structure in Singapore power grid and major highways and roads, and gas stations in transportation network. To determine if charging station tapping supply from the sub-station would have any impact to the power load, quality and if it affects the transportation flow in the surrounding area.