Effectiveness of forward freight agreements in mitigating capesize ship-owners' business risk between 2009 and 2014

• 主要作者: Lim, Kai Liang
• 其他作者: Soh Woei Liang
• 格式: Final Year Project
• 語言: English
• 出版: 2016
• 主題: DRNTU::Engineering::Maritime studies::Maritime management and business
• 在線閱讀: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/67136
• 機構: Nanyang Technological University

Shipowners have employed various risk management tools to reduce their exposure in the inherently risky freight market to ensure survival. Traditionally, they utilize physical hedging tools such as Time Charters (TC) to hedge their earnings. The advent of Forward Freight Agreements (FFA), a paper he...